Ecology of Calamus pennatula
 
Main Ref. Randall, J.E., 1967
Remarks Adults often seen over rocky areas or reefs, but also on flat bottoms to about 85 m depth, while the young inhabit shallower waters (Ref. 3815). Feeds on crabs, mollusks, worms, brittle stars and hermit crabs (Ref. 3815). This is the most common species of the genus in the Antilles (Ref. 3815).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

Marine - Neritic Marine - Oceanic Brackishwater Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies
  • supra-littoral zone
  • littoral zone
  • sublittoral zone
  • epipelagic
  • mesopelagic
  • epipelagic
  • abyssopelagic
  • hadopelagic
  • estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas
  • mangroves
  • marshes/swamps
  • rivers/streams
  • lakes/ponds
  • caves
  • exclusively in caves
Highighted items on the list are where Calamus pennatula may be found.

Habitat

Substrate Hard Bottom;
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats Coral Reefs;
Special habitats Ref. Randall, J.E. and R. Vergara, 1978

Associations

Ref. Sazima, I., R.L. Moura and C. Sazima, 1999
Associations
Associated with Cleaned by Pomacanthus paru observed at the reefs of the Abrolhos Archipelago, off eastern Brazil (Ref. 40094).
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref. Randall, J.E., 1967
Feeding habit hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref. Randall, J.E., 1967
Trophic Level(s)
Estimation method Original sample Unfished population Remark
Troph s.e. Troph s.e.
From diet composition 3.72 0.22 3.37 0.39 Troph of juv./adults from 2 studies.
From individual food items 3.54 0.52 Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref. Gómez-Canchong, P., L. Manjarrés M., L.O. Duarte and J. Altamar, 2004
(e.g. 346)
(e.g. oophagy)
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