Main Ref. | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 |
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Remarks | Nocturnal species which occurs inshore (Ref. 75154). Found among corals or in caves (Ref. 9137, 58534). Present in seagrass beds at all life stages. Invertebrate and fish feeders (Ref. 41878). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Broad, G., 2003 |
ссылка | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Замечание | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.89 | 0.40 | 3.67 | 0.51 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
From individual food items | 3.50 | 0.53 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
ссылка | Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose, 1984 |