主要參考文獻 | Randall, J.E., 2001 |
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附註 | Observed often on steep rocky substrata off promontories at depths of 15 m or more. Feeds on zooplankton, generally in small groups with individuals, as high as 5 m above the bottom (Ref. 39287). Diurnal species (Ref. 54980). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Hard Bottom: rocky; |
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Substrate Ref. | Randall, J.E., 2001 |
Special habitats | : reef slope/drop-offs; |
Special habitats Ref. |
參考文獻 | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
攝取食物的類型 | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | |
攝取食物的習慣 | |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | 最初的樣本 | 不捕獲族群 | 附註 | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
從食物內容 | |||||
從個別的食物項目 | 3.40 | 0.45 | Tentative trophic level derived from 1 + troph of a single food item | ||
參考文獻 |