Main Ref. | Coker, G.A., C.B. Portt and C.K. Minns, 2001 |
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Remarks | Occurs in near-shore coastal waters, open water of lakes and small to large rivers, and often in current in rivers. Feeds on Littorina littorea, some amphipods, decapods and eelgrass, Zostera marina (Ref. 5951). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
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Associations | |
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Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Coker, G.A., C.B. Portt and C.K. Minns, 2001 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Coker, G.A., C.B. Portt and C.K. Minns, 2001 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.45 | 0.45 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |