Ecologia de Dipturus laevis
| Ref. principal | McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998 |
|---|---|
| Notas | Occurs from water's edge to 430 m depth; absent from shoal waters in south during warm months. Lives on all kinds of bottom (Ref. 27314). It tolerates a wide temperature range (1.2-20°C). Voracious predator(Ref. 5951); feeds on bivalve mollusks, squids, rock crabs, lobsters, shrimps, worms and fishes (Ref. 27314). Food also includes fishes like spiny dogfish, alewife, Atlantic herring, butterfish, sand lance, cunner, hakes and flatfishes. Parasites of the species include 1 turbellarian, 3 trematodes, 4 cestodes, 2 nematodes and 4 copepods, found on gills, skin and digestive tract; infestation is relatively severe (Ref. 5951). |
Aquatic zones / Water bodies
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Habitat
| Substrato | Soft Bottom Hard Bottom; |
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| Substrate Ref. | |
| Habitats especiais | |
| Special habitats Ref. |
Associações
| Ref. | |
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| Associações | |
| Associada com | |
| Comentários sobre associação | |
| Parasitismo |
Alimentação
| Tipo de alimentação | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998 |
| Hábito alimentar | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. | McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn, 1998 |
Trophic Level(s)
| Estimation method | Amostra original | População virgem (não pescada) | Nota | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Da composição da dieta | 3.50 | 3.44 | 0.49 | Troph of adults from 1 study. | |
| Dos itens alimentares individuais | 4.09 | 0.71 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Bowman, R.E., C.E. Stillwell, W.L. Michaels and M.D. Grosslein, 2000 | ||||