Ecology of Epinephelus itajara
| Main Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
|---|---|
| Remarks | Occurs in coral reefs, over shallow water. A solitary species (Ref. 26340) occurring in shallow, inshore areas. Found on rock, coral, or mud bottoms (Ref. 5217). Juveniles found in mangrove areas and brackish estuaries (Ref. 5217). Large adults may be found in estuaries (Ref. 5217). Adults appear to occupy limited home ranges with little inter-reef movement. Feeds primarily on crustaceans, particularly spiny lobsters as well as turtles and fishes, including stingrays. Territorial near its refuge cave or wreck where it may show a threat display with open mouth and quivering body. Larger individuals have been known to stalk and attempt to eat divers. Over-fished, primarily by spear fishing (Ref. 9710). |
Aquatic zones / Water bodies
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Habitat
| Substrate | Soft Bottom: mud;: rocky; |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | Cervigón, F., R. Cipriani, W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, M. Hendrickx, A.J. Lemus, R. Márquez, J.M. Poutiers, G. Robaina and B. Rodriguez, 1992 |
| Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
| Special habitats Ref. |
Associations
| संदर्भ | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
Feeding
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
| Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. | Randall, J.E., 1967 |
Trophic Level(s)
| Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | टिप्पणी | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | 4.09 | 3.97 | 0.44 | Troph of adults from 1 study. | |
| From individual food items | 4.03 | 0.57 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| संदर्भ | Randall, J.E., 1967 | ||||