Ecologia de Gasterosteus aculeatus
| Ref. principal | Banister, K., 1986 |
|---|---|
| Notas | Shoaling species outside the breeding season, especially when young. Inhabits vegetated areas, usually over mud or sand (Ref. 5723). In the sea, confined to coastal waters. Forms schools. Eggs are found in nests constructed from plant material (Ref. 41678). Anadromous and nerito-pelagic (Ref. 58426). Feeds on worms, crustaceans, larvae and adult aquatic insects, drowned aerial insects, and small fishes; has also been reported to feed on their own fry and eggs (Ref. 1998). Length in freshwater is 8 cm while in saltwater is 11 cm (Ref. 35388). Preyed upon by American mergansers. |
Aquatic zones / Water bodies
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Habitat
| Substrato | Soft Bottom: sand; mud; |
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| Substrate Ref. | Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991 |
| Habitats especiais | vegetation |
| Special habitats Ref. | Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991 |
Associações
| Ref. | Scott, W.B. and M.G. Scott, 1988 |
|---|---|
| Associações | |
| Associada com | Young associated with drifting seaweed (Ref. 12114, 12115). Parasites of the species include 5 protozoans, 2 myxosporidians, 4 monogeneans, 12 trematodes, 7 cestodes, 4 nematodes, 2 acanthocephalans, 1 mollusc, 1 branchiuran and 2 copepods (Ref. 5951). |
| Comentários sobre associação | |
| Parasitismo |
Alimentação
| Tipo de alimentação | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Blegvad, H., 1917 |
| Hábito alimentar | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. | Blegvad, H., 1917 |
Trophic Level(s)
| Estimation method | Amostra original | População virgem (não pescada) | Nota | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| Da composição da dieta | 3.31 | 0.18 | 3.41 | 0.39 | Troph of adults from 2 studies. |
| Dos itens alimentares individuais | 3.38 | 0.46 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Blegvad, H., 1917 | ||||