Ecology Summary - Hippoglossoides platessoides

语言:

主要参考文献	Langton, R.W. and R.E. Bowman, 1981
附注	Most abundant from 90 m to 250 m deep and bottom temperatures of -0.5 to 2.5°C (Ref. 6263). Lives on soft bottoms (Ref. 9988). Benthic (Ref. 58426). Feeds on polychaetes, echinoderms, molluscs, crustaceans and fish. It is preyed upon by cod, halibut and Greenland sharks. Parasites of the species include 3 protozoans, 15 trematodes, 2 cestodes, 7 nematodes (including the sealworm Phocanema decipiens), 3 acanthocephalans and 2 copepods (Ref. 5951).

主要参考文献

Langton, R.W. and R.E. Bowman, 1981

附注

Most abundant from 90 m to 250 m deep and bottom temperatures of -0.5 to 2.5°C (Ref. 6263). Lives on soft bottoms (Ref. 9988). Benthic (Ref. 58426). Feeds on polychaetes, echinoderms, molluscs, crustaceans and fish. It is preyed upon by cod, halibut and Greenland sharks. Parasites of the species include 3 protozoans, 15 trematodes, 2 cestodes, 7 nematodes (including the sealworm Phocanema decipiens), 3 acanthocephalans and 2 copepods (Ref. 5951).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

	Marine - Neritic	Marine - Oceanic	Brackishwater	Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies	supra-littoral zone littoral zone sublittoral zone	epipelagic mesopelagic epipelagic abyssopelagic hadopelagic	河口/泻湖/半咸淡水海洋 mangroves marshes/swamps	rivers/streams lakes/ponds 洞专门地

Highighted items on the list are where Hippoglossoides platessoides may be found.

Habitat

Substrate	Soft Bottom
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

参考文献
Associations	schooling; shoaling;
Associated with
Association remarks	Reported vertical distribution pattern of American plaice aggregations in response to temperature changes; reference to deepwater and shallow-water aggregations (Ref. 94968). Spawning adults migrate from greater depths into shoaler grounds before spawning (Ref. 43395). Tagging studies show this species is relatively sedentary and form discrete populations with only short seasonal depth migrations as a response to water temperature changes; with populations tending to return to the same areas with little mixing (geographically isolated) (Ref. 86779).
Parasitism

进食

摄取食物的类型	mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref.	Langton, R.W. and R.E. Bowman, 1981
摄取食物的习惯	hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref.	Langton, R.W. and R.E. Bowman, 1981

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method	最初的样本		不捕获族群		附注
Estimation method	Troph	s.e.	Troph	s.e.	附注
从食物内容	4.08		3.52	0.39	Troph of adults from 1 study.
从个别的食物项目	4.16	0.96			Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
参考文献	Pitt, T.K., 1973

回搜寻页

cfm script by eagbayani, , php script by rolavides, 2/5/2008 , 最后修订者： mbactong, 10/24/19