Ref. principal | Moyle, P.B., B. Herbold, D.E. Stevens and L.W. Miller, 1992 |
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Notas | Closely associated with the freshwater-saltwater mixing zone except when it spawns in freshwater, primarily during March, April and May. |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Tipo de alimentação | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | |
Hábito alimentar | |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | Amostra original | População virgem (não pescada) | Nota | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
Da composição da dieta | 3.15 | 0.08 | 3.09 | 0.22 | Troph of juv./adults from 8 studies. |
Dos itens alimentares individuais | 3.07 | 0.22 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Moyle, P.B., B. Herbold, D.E. Stevens and L.W. Miller, 1992 |