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Ecology of Lichia amia
 
Main Ref. Bennett, B.A., 1989
Remarks Occassionally entering lower reaches of Kunene and Orange Rivers (Ref. 52863). Found in coastal waters including estuaries. Feeds mainly on fish; juveniles prefer crustaceans (Ref. 4332).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

Marine - Neritic Marine - Oceanic Brackishwater Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies
  • supra-littoral zone
  • littoral zone
  • sublittoral zone
  • epipelagic
  • mesopelagic
  • epipelagic
  • abyssopelagic
  • hadopelagic
  • estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas
  • mangroves
  • marshes/swamps
  • rivers/streams
  • lakes/ponds
  • caves
  • exclusively in caves
Highighted items on the list are where Lichia amia may be found.

Habitat

Substrate
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

ссылка
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up)
Feeding type Ref. Bennett, B.A., 1989
Feeding habit hunting macrofauna (predator)
Feeding habit Ref. Bennett, B.A., 1989
Trophic Level(s)
Estimation method Original sample Unfished population Замечание
Troph s.e. Troph s.e.
From diet composition 4.50 0.80 4.66 0.89 Troph of juv./adults from 1 study.
From individual food items 4.32 0.77 Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
ссылка Bennett, B.A., 1989
(например 346)
(например oophagy)
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