Ecology of Makaira nigricans
| Main Ref. | Nakamura, I., 1985 |
|---|---|
| Remarks | Oceanic species. Water color affects its occurrence, at least in the northern Gulf of Mexico, where the fish show preference for blue water. Rarely gathers in schools and usually found as scattered single individuals. Feeds mostly in near-surface waters but sometimes takes food in relatively deep water as is shown by the presence of deep sea fishes as Pseudoscopelus in the stomachs of specimens caught off Puerto Rico. |
Aquatic zones / Water bodies
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Habitat
| Substrate | |
|---|---|
| Substrate Ref. | |
| Special habitats | |
| Special habitats Ref. |
Associations
| Ref. | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associated with | |
| Association remarks | |
| Parasitism |
Feeding
| Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Feeding type Ref. | Nakamura, I., 1985 |
| Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Feeding habit Ref. | Nakamura, I., 1985 |
Trophic Level(s)
| Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| From diet composition | 4.49 | 0.29 | 4.50 | 0.71 | Troph of juv./adults from 3 studies. |
| From individual food items | 4.39 | 0.63 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Ref. | Júnior, T.V., C.M. Vooren and R.P. Lessa, 2004 | ||||