| Réf. principale | Allen, G.R., 1985 |
|---|---|
| Remarques | Inhabits coastal waters, mostly around coral reefs. Usually seen well above the bottom, frequently in aggregations. Young individuals are usually found over weed beds. Feeds mainly at night (Ref. 9987). Feeds on a combination of plankton and benthic animals including fishes, crustaceans, worms, gastropods and cephalopods (Ref. 9710, 26338). Juveniles feed primarily on plankton (Ref. 9710). Carnivore (Ref. 57616). Also cleaned by Pomacanthus paru observed at the reefs of the Abrolhos Archipelago, off eastern Brazil (Ref. 40094). Predominantly inhabits seagrasses (Ref. 128694). |
| Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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| Substrat | |
|---|---|
| Substrat Réf. | |
| Habitats spéciaux | Beds: algae/seaweed; sea grass; Coral Reefs; |
| Habitats particuliers Réf. | Harper, L.M., J.S. Lefcheck, R. Whippo, M.S. Jones, Z. Foltz and J.E. Duffy, 2022 |
| Réf. | |
|---|---|
| Associations | |
| Associé avec | Cleaned by scarlet striped cleaner shrimp (Lysmata grabhami), goby (Gobiosoma evelynae and others), and hogfish (Bodianus rufus) as observed on the coral reefs in Bonaire, Netherlands Antilles (Ref. 36810). |
| Remarques sur les associations | |
| Parasitisme |
| Type de prise alimentaire | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
|---|---|
| Type d'alimentation Réf. | Allen, G.R., 1985 |
| Habitude alimentaire | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
| Habitudes alimentaires Réf. | Allen, G.R., 1985 |
| Estimation method | Échantillon original | Population non pêchée | Remarque | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
| À partir du régime alimentaire | 4.03 | 0.30 | 3.90 | 0.61 | Troph of juv./adults from 3 studies. |
| À partir des éléments alimentaires | 3.88 | 0.54 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
| Réf. | Sierra, L.M., R. Claro and O.A. Popova, 1994 | ||||