Ref. principal | Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen, 1993 |
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Notas | Lives in caves or other projections (Ref. 9137); also in coral reefs (Ref. 58534). Nocturnal species (Ref. 75154). Exhibits the black gut phenomenon. In nocturnal predators, it appears to serve to conceal bioluminiscent prey in the stomach cavity (Ref. 46685). Can occur singly, in pairs, or in small groups. Feed mainly on benthic invertebrates. Some males were reported to cannibalize on their whole brood within the day of spawning (Ref. 128523). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Shao, K.-T., C.-P. Lin, L.-T. Ho and P.-L. Lin, 1990 |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Tipo de alimentação | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen, 1993 |
Hábito alimentar | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen, 1993 |
Estimation method | Amostra original | População virgem (não pescada) | Nota | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
Da composição da dieta | |||||
Dos itens alimentares individuais | 3.57 | 0.56 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |