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Ecology of Pungu maclareni
 
Main Ref. Teugels, G.G., 1991
Remarks Usually found in smaller groups (Ref. 52307) in shallow waters of lake shore (<4 m deep)(Ref. 26185). Feeds mainly on benthic invertebrates (mayfly, caddis and chironomid midge larvae) (Ref. 26185) and the endemic sponge Corvospongilla thysi (Ref. 53950, 58527), but diatoms and terrestrial macrophytes are also sometimes eaten in quantity (Ref. 26185). Mouthbrooder (Ref. 13614, 58527).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

Marine - Neritic Marine - Oceanic Brackishwater Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies
  • supra-littoral zone
  • littoral zone
  • sublittoral zone
  • epipelagic
  • mesopelagic
  • epipelagic
  • abyssopelagic
  • hadopelagic
  • estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas
  • mangroves
  • marshes/swamps
  • rivers/streams
  • lakes/ponds
  • caves
  • exclusively in caves
Highighted items on the list are where Pungu maclareni may be found.

Habitat

Substrate
Substrate Ref.
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref.
Associations
Associated with
Association remarks
Parasitism

Feeding

Feeding type plants/detritus+animals (troph. 2.2-2.79)
Feeding type Ref. Reid, G.M., 1995
Feeding habit variable
Feeding habit Ref. Reid, G.M., 1995
Trophic Level(s)
Estimation method Original sample Unfished population Remark
Troph s.e. Troph s.e.
From diet composition
From individual food items 2.74 0.30 Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine.
Ref.
(e.g. 346)
(e.g. oophagy)
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