| Family: |
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers) |
| Max. size: |
104 cm TL (male/unsexed); max.weight: 11 kg; max. reported age: 18 years |
| Environment: |
demersal; marine; depth range 0 - 100 m |
| Distribution: |
Eastern Atlantic: Bay of Biscay and Gibraltar to southern Morocco, including the Mediterranean, Black Sea and Sea of Azov. Records south of Morocco have not been supported with descriptions. |
| Diagnosis: |
Dorsal soft rays (total): 22-23 |
| Biology: |
Found over rocky and sandy bottoms in coastal waters. Juveniles enter estuaries. Feed on bottom invertebrates. |
| IUCN Red List Status: |
Vulnerable (VU); Date assessed: 30 July 2019 (A2b) Ref. (130435)
|
| Threat to humans: |
harmless |
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