Larvae Information Summary for
Benthalbella dentata
| Main Ref: | Watson, W. and E.M. Sandknop 1996 | |||
Yolk-sac larvae
| min | max | mod | Ref. | |
| Length at birth (mm) | 4 | 35929 | ||
| Preanal L. % TL | 40 | 61 |
| Place of development | planktonic | |||
| Larval area | Northeastern Pacific (California Current region); Northwestern Pacific (Japan) | |||
| Yolk-sac | Ref: | |||
| Yolk | Oil globules | |||
| Rows on tail | no rows | |||
| Other melanophores on tail | no other melanophores | |||
| Melanophores on head + trunk | no melanophores on head or trunk | |||
| No pigmentation except few to many scattered on pectoral fin blade or fin membrane. | ||||
Post larvae
| Striking feature | duck-billed shape of head | |||
| Striking shape lateral | normal (not striking) | dorsal | ||
| Striking feature | duck-billed shape of head | |||
| Shape of gut | elongated | |||
| Gas bladder early | absent | late | absent | |
| Spinal armature early | no spines | late | no spines | |
| Pigmentation early | ||||
| Rows on tail | no rows | |||
| Other melanophores on tail | no other melanophores | |||
| Melanophores on head + trunk | no melanophores on head or trunk | |||
| Pigmentation late | ||||
| Rows on tail | no rows | |||
| Other melanophores on tail | no other melanophores | |||
| Melanophores on head + trunk | no melanophores on head or trunk | |||
| Urostyle region early | unpigmented | late | unpigmented | |
| Peritoneum | without melanophores | |||
| Pectorals | normal with few scattered melanophores | |||
| Pelvics | fin rays only without melanophores | |||
| Pelvics ahead of dorsal fin origin; unpigmented except on pectoral fin before transformation. Pigmentation: Yolk-sac through postflexion: none except few to many scattered on pectoral fin blade or fin membrane. Transformation: little on occiput and snout at beginning of stage, increasing and spreading over snout and around eyes; on lower jaw after about 53 mm; scattered laterally on trunk and tail beginning posteriorly by about 52 mm; on peritoneum beginning dorsally just behind level of pectoral fin and spreading caudad and ventrad to enclose gut by end of stage. Sequence of fin development: caudal, pectorals, dorsal and anal, pelvics. | ||||
Meristic characters
| min | max | mod | Ref. | |
| Total number of myomeres | 54 | 55 | 35929 |
| L 1st feeding | Ref. | Months of presence of larvae | ||||
| max | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | ||
| min | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | ||
| mod | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | ||
| Water parameters Metric characters |