| 引用出處 | Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen, 1966, Modes of reproduction in fishes.. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. |
| 參考文獻 | 205 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen, 1966 |
| 頁 | 191; 221-222; 224; 638-639 |
| Named Used as Valid | Cyprinus carpio |
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