Common names from other countries
पर्यावरण: पर्यावरण / जलवायु क्षेत्र / गहराई सीमा / वितरण सीमा
पारिस्थितिकी
समुद्री pelagic-oceanic; औशिनोड़िरोमस (Ref. 71039); गहराई सीमा 0 - 260 m (Ref. 9340), usually 0 - ? m (Ref. 55287). Tropical; 15°C - 30°C (Ref. 168); 63°N - 47°S, 180°W - 180°E
Cosmopolitan in tropical and warm-temperate waters. Not found in the Black Sea. Highly migratory species,
प्रथम परिपक्वता पर लंबाई / आकार / वज़न / आयु
परिपक्व अवधि: Lm 41.3, range 40 - 45 cm
Max length : 110 cm FL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 89423); common length : 80.0 cm FL पुल्लिंग / अलिंग; (Ref. 168); अधिकतम प्रकाशित वज़न: 34.5 kg (Ref. 168); अधिकतम सूचित उम्र: 12 वर्षो (Ref. 168)
पृष्ठीय रीढ़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 14 - 16; पृष्ठीय सौफट रेज़ (सम्पूर्ण) : 14 - 15; गुदा कांटा: 0; ऐनल सौफट रेज़: 14 - 15; जानवरों की रीड़ का जोड़: 41. This species is distinguished by the following characters: body fusiform, elongate and rounded; teeth small and conical, in a single series; gill rakers on first gill arch numerous, 53-63; D1 XIV-XVI, dorsal fins separated by a small interspace (not larger than eye), the second followed by 7-9 finlets; anal fin followed by 7-8 finlets; pectoral fins short, with 26-27 rays; 2 flaps (interpelvic process) between pelvic fins; body scaleless except for corselet and lateral line; a strong keel on each side of caudal-fin base between 2 smaller keels. Colour of back dark purplish blue, lower sides and belly silvery, with 4-6 very conspicuous longitudinal dark bands which in live specimens may appear as discontinuous lines of dark blotches (Ref. 9684).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.
Found in offshore waters; larvae restricted to waters with surface temperatures of 15°C to 30°C (Ref. 6390). Exhibit a strong tendency to school in surface waters with birds, drifting objects, sharks, whales and may show a characteristic behavior like jumping, feeding, foaming, etc. Feed on fishes, crustaceans, cephalopods and mollusks; cannibalism is common. Spawn throughout the year in the tropics, eggs released in several portions (Ref. 35388). Eggs and larvae are pelagic (Ref. 6769). Preyed upon by large pelagic fishes (Ref. 6885). Also taken by trolling on light tackle using plugs, spoons, feathers, or strip bait (Ref. 9684). Marketed fresh, frozen or canned (Ref. 9340, 9684 ); also dried-salted and smoked (Ref. 9987).
In tropical waters, reproductively active female skipjack tuna spawn almost daily.
Collette, B.B. and C.E. Nauen, 1983. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and related species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(2):137 p. (Ref. 168)
आईयूसीएन रेड लिस्ट स्थिति (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2)
मनुष्यों के लिए ख़तरा
Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 4690)
मानव उपयोग
मात्स्यिकी: उच्च वाणिज्य; आखेट मत्स्य: हां
साधन
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इंटरनेट स्रोत
मॉडल पर आधारित अनुमान
पसंदीदा तापमान (संदर्भ
123201): 13.3 - 29, mean 26.2 °C (based on 8934 cells).
जातिवृति विविधता सूचकांक (संदर्भ
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01072 (0.00958 - 0.01198), b=3.10 (3.07 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
ट्रॉफिक स्तर (संदर्भ
69278): 4.4 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 2.1 (1.8 - 2.4) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 57
growth studies.
लौटाव (संदर्भ
120179): माध्यम, न्यूनतम जनसंख्या दुगनी होने का समय 1.4 - 4.4 वर्ष। (K=0.3-0.5; tm=2-3; tmax=12; Fec=61,516).
Prior r = 0.52, 95% CL = 0.35 - 0.79, Based on 9 full stock assessments.
मछली पकड़ने की भेद्यता (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
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जलवायु भेद्यता (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (41 of 100).
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पोषक तत्व (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 155 [39, 307] mg/100g; Iron = 2.27 [0.81, 7.03] mg/100g; Protein = 22.3 [20.8, 23.6] %; Omega3 = 0.45 [0.22, 1.05] g/100g; Selenium = 87.4 [31.2, 237.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.64 [1.25, 40.76] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.54 [0.37, 3.23] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
