Nemipterus virgatus, Golden threadfin bream : fisheries, gamefish

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Nemipterus virgatus (Houttuyn, 1782)

Golden threadfin bream
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Nemipterus virgatus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Nemipterus virgatus (Golden threadfin bream)
Nemipterus virgatus
Picture by Randall, J.E.

Taiwan / Chinese Taipei territory information

Common names: 紅杉, 金線魚, 金線鰱
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: commercial | Ref: FAO, 2000
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Known from northern and western (including Hsiao-liu-chiu) Taiwan (Ref. 43515). Reported from the Penghu Islands (Ref. 43515, 55073). Also Ref. 9809, 11230, 47843, 79628.
National Checklist:
Territory Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/tw.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Russell, B.C., 1990
National Database: The Fish Database of Taiwan

Common names from other countries

Cohana doré, Baga dorada, Golden thread, ... more

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Nemipteridae (Threadfin breams, Whiptail breams)
Etymology: Nemipterus: Greek, nema, -atos = filament + Greek, pteron = wing, fin (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; demersal; non-migratory; depth range 1 - 220 m (Ref. 9785), usually 18 - 33 m (Ref. 54679). Tropical; 39°N - 20°S, 106°E - 140°E (Ref. 54679)

Distribution Territories | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Western Pacific: southern Japan to northwestern Australia and the Arafura Sea.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm ?, range 15 - ? cm
Max length : 35.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3810); common length : 23.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3810)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 10; Dorsal soft rays (total): 9; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 8. Suborbital spine absent. Preopercle with 3 transverse scale rows. Pectoral and pelvic fins long, reaching to between level of anus and origin of anal fin. Upper lobe of caudal fin produced to form a trailing filament. A line drawn up from the posterior edge of suborbital reaching the dorsal profile 5 to 7 scale rows before origin of dorsal fin. Axillary scale present. Body color pink, paler below. Head pink, a yellow stripe from upper lip extending to antero-ventral margin of eye. Two faint yellow bars across cheek sometimes present. Pelvic fins with yellow stripes.
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: oval.

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Inhabits muddy or sandy bottoms. Young fish generally occur in shallower water between 18 and 33 m. Feeds on crustaceans, fish and cephalopods. One of the most important commercial fish in the East China Sea and northern South China Sea. May be made into fish balls (Ref. 4931).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

This species is a rudimentary hermaphrodite in which males have functional testes with rudimentary ovarian portions that remain throughout their life.

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Russell, B.C., 1990. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 12. Nemipterid fishes of the world. (Threadfin breams, whiptail breams, monocle breams, dwarf monocle breams, and coral breams). Family Nemipteridae. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of nemipterid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(12):149p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 3810)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

  Vulnerable (VU) (A2bd); Date assessed: 29 January 2009

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

Fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes
FAO - Fisheries: landings, species profile; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Internet sources

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: genus, species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Fisheries: landings, species profile; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | National databases | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 24 - 29, mean 28.1 °C (based on 352 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01413 (0.01187 - 0.01681), b=2.96 (2.93 - 2.99), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  4.0   ±0.57 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 3.2 (2.5 - 3.7) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 14 growth studies.
Resilience (Ref. 120179):  Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.24-0.45; Fec=2,000).
Prior r = 0.91, 95% CL = 0.60 - 1.37, Based on 2 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (35 of 100). 🛈
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100). 🛈
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Very high.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 353 [80, 674] mg/100g; Iron = 1.1 [0.4, 3.1] mg/100g; Protein = 18 [16, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.298 [0.148, 0.650] g/100g; Selenium = 49.2 [19.9, 137.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.82 [2.30, 54.41] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.707 [0.413, 2.373] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.