Preferred temperature (مرجع
123201): 1.4 - 10.2, mean 5.5 °C (based on 587 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (مرجع
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00355 (0.00202 - 0.00624), b=3.20 (3.05 - 3.35), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (مرجع
69278): 3.3 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 6.9 (5.5 - 7.9) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 24
growth studies.
المرونه (مرجع
120179): منخفض, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 4.5-14 سنة (K=0.12-0.14; tm=5-9).
Prior r = 0.34, 95% CL = 0.23 - 0.51, Based on 7 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (66 of 100).
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Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (47 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 26.6 [9.2, 68.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.366 [0.142, 1.217] mg/100g; Protein = 15.4 [12.9, 17.6] %; Omega3 = 0.18 [0.06, 0.57] g/100g; Selenium = 22.1 [7.9, 58.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 24.9 [3.6, 193.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.487 [0.257, 0.975] mg/100g (wet weight);
