Common names from other countries
分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / 深度上下限 / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; 深度上下限 0 - 40 m (Ref. 31184), usually 2 - 20 m (Ref. 35388). 溫帶; 72°N - 49°N, 11°W - 52°E
Northeast Atlantic: White Sea, Cheshskaya Guba and Murmansk coast (Barents Sea) southward to English Channel (River Somme); eastern coasts of Scotland, England, also Irish Sea; the Orkneys, Shetlands and in shallow waters of North Sea and Baltic.
東北大西洋: 白海, Cheshskaya Guba 與莫曼斯克海岸 (巴倫支海) 向南至英倫海峽 (河 Somme); 蘇格蘭,英格蘭的東岸, 也愛爾蘭的海洋; 奧克尼群島, 雪特蘭群島與在淺水區中北海與波羅的海。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
成熟度: Lm 17.0, range 16 - 18 cm
Max length : 52.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4695); common length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4695); 最大体重: 510.00 g (Ref. 6397); 最大年龄: 10 年 (Ref. 35388)
Bones are green due to harmless pigment. Skin slimy and variable color (Ref. 35388).
Body shape (shape guide): elongated.
硬骨是绿色的由于无害处的有颜色。 皮肤黏滑而可变的颜色.(参考文献 35388)
Inhabits rocky shores under stones, among algae and in tide pools, between tide marks down to 40 m. May remain out of water under rocks or seaweeds (Ref. 31184). Feeds on gastropods, chironomids, crustaceans, eggs and fry of fishes. Gives birth to live young (Ref. 9900). Bones colored green by the harmless pigment Vivianit (Ref. 4645). Breathes air when out of water (Ref. 31184). Mating takes place in August - September with internal fertilization of the eggs. Female give birth to 30-400 developed young (35-55mm) (Ref. 35388).
栖息于在石头下面的岩岸, 在藻类之中与在潮池中, 在潮标志之间向下至 40 公尺。 可以停留在岩石或海草下面离开水面.(参考文献 31184) 吃鱼的腹足动物，宝刀鱼，甲壳动物，卵与鱼苗。 对活的幼鱼生产。 (参考文献 9900) 硬骨色彩绿色藉由无害处的有颜色 Vivianit.(参考文献 4645) 呼吸空气当离开水面.(参考文献 31184) 交配发生于八月到九月有体内受精的卵。 母鱼对 30-400个发展的幼鱼 (35-55 mm) 生产。 (参考文献 35388)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Fertilization occurs in August-September. Egg development lasts for one month. Total bearing time is five months (Ref. 6397). 東北大西洋: 白海, Cheshskaya Guba 與莫曼斯克海岸 (巴倫支海) 向南至英倫海峽 (河 Somme); 蘇格蘭,英格蘭的東岸, 也愛爾蘭的海洋; 奧克尼群島, 雪特蘭群島與在淺水區中北海與波羅的海。
Andriashev, A.P., 1986. Zoarcidae. p. 1130-1150. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. volume 3. UNESCO, Paris. (Ref. 4695)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 水族馆: 公众的水族馆
工具
特别资料
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网络资源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (参考文献
123201): 7.3 - 11.3, mean 9.4 °C (based on 310 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (参考文献
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00316 (0.00186 - 0.00539), b=3.13 (2.97 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (参考文献
69278): 3.5 ±0.49 se; based on food items.
回复力 (参考文献
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (tm=2; tmax=10; Fec=30; K=0.19-0.4).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (60 of 100).
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Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (84 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 37.7 [20.6, 67.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.3 [0.2, 0.5] mg/100g; Protein = 17.7 [15.0, 19.8] %; Omega3 = 0.361 [0.203, 0.613] g/100g; Selenium = 11.6 [5.6, 22.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 14.1 [5.2, 39.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.711 [0.513, 0.993] mg/100g (wet weight);
