Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.1 - 29.3, mean 28.6 °C (based on 2984 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01288 (0.01159 - 0.01432), b=2.97 (2.94 - 3.00), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 1.2 (1.0 - 1.5) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 13
growth studies.
Resilience (Ref.
120179): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=0.5-1.3).
Prior r = 0.98, 95% CL = 0.65 - 1.47, Based on 2 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (14 of 100).
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Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (56 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 107 [61, 236] mg/100g; Iron = 1.24 [0.70, 2.23] mg/100g; Protein = 19.9 [18.0, 21.7] %; Omega3 = 0.184 [0.109, 0.315] g/100g; Selenium = 32.1 [17.3, 61.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 81.4 [27.2, 250.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.5 [1.0, 2.1] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies. 
