Clupea pallasii, Pacific herring : fisheries, gamefish, bait

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Clupea pallasii Valenciennes, 1847

Pacific herring
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Clupea pallasii
Photo de Fritzsche, R.A./J.W. Cavanagh

Japan country information

Common names: Nishin, ニシン
Occurrence: native
Salinity: freshwater
Abundance: abundant (always seen in some numbers) | Ref: Sokolovskaya, T.G., A.S. Sokolovskii and E.I. Sobolevskii, 1998
Importance: commercial | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Reported from northern Japan (Ref. 11230). Aparently landlocked populations (races) exist in the lakes in eastern Hokkaido and eastern Honshu. These lakes, however, are probably saline (see p. 115, Ref. 188). Also Ref. 6885, 9988, 27436, 37812, 96339. Status of threat: Threatened populations of Lake stocks of Pacific region in Honshu Island (LP) (Ref. 94887).
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/ja.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.maff.go.jp/eindex.html
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino, 1984
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Hareng du Pacifique, Arenque del Pacífico, Сельдь восточная, ... more

Classification / Names Noms communs | Synonymes | Catalog of Fishes(Genre, Espèce) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Clupeidae (Herrings, shads, sardines, menhadens)
Etymology: Clupea: Latin, clupea = sardine, derived from Clupeus = shield; doubtless a reference to the scales covering the body of the fish + Greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335); pallasii: Named after Petrus Simon Pallas, great Russian naturalist and explorer (Ref. 6885).
Eponymy: Peter Simon Pallas (1741–1811) was a German-born Russian (1767) explorer, zoologist and one of greatest 18th century naturalists. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
More on author: Valenciennes.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / profondeur / distribution range Écologie

marin; eau douce; saumâtre pelagic-neritic; non migrateur; profondeur 0 - 475 m (Ref. 58426). Temperate; 77°N - 33°N, 34°E - 119°W (Ref. 54336)

Distribution Pays | Zones FAO | Écosystèmes | Occurrences | Carte par point | Introductions | Faunafri

Arctic: White Sea eastward to Ob inlet. Western Pacific: Anadyr Bay, eastern coasts of Kamchatka, possibly the Aleutian Islands southward to Japan and west coast of Korea. Eastern Pacific: Kent Peninsula at 107°W and Beaufort Sea southward to northern Baja California, Mexico.

Length at first maturity / Taille / Poids / Âge

Maturité: Lm 21.4  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 46.0 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 27436); common length : 25.0 cm SL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 188); âge max. reporté: 19 années (Ref. 27547)

Description synthétique Clés d'identification | Morphologie | Morphométrie

Épines dorsales (Total) : 0; Rayons mous dorsaux (Total) : 13 - 21; Épines anales: 0; Rayons mous anaux: 12 - 23; Vertèbres: 46 - 58. Without prominent keel; no median notch in upper jaw. Gill cover without radiating bony striae. No distinctive dark spots on body or fins. Overlaps C. harengus in White Sea, but distinguished by fewer vertebrae (usually 52 to 55; cf. usually 55 to 57) and fewer post-pelvic scutes (10 to 14; cf. 12 to 16). Dark blue to olivaceous above, shading to silver below (Ref. 27547). Precaudal vertebrae: 29-31-32; caudal vertebrae: 19-22-22 (Ref. 265).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: compressed.

Biologie     Glossaire (ex. epibenthic)

Neritic species (Ref. 11230). A coastal and schooling species (Ref. 188). Landlocked populations exist. Mature adults migrate inshore, entering estuaries to breed. During the summer of their first year, young form schools in shallow bays, inlets and channels that appear at the surface; these schools disappear in the fall and remain in deep water for the next 2-3 years (Ref. 6885, 27547). Young feed mainly on crustaceans, but also take decapod and mollusk larvae; adults prey mainly on large crustaceans and small fishes (Ref. 6885, 27547). Because it does not undertake extensive coastal migrations, the mixing of local populations is relatively rare (Ref. 27547). In the eastern Pacific, the fish is mainly caught for roe markets in Asia (Ref. 9988). There is a fishery for eggs laid on kelp, which when salted, is called kazunoko-kombu, and is considered a delicacy in Japan (Ref. 27547). Used in Chinese medicine (Ref. 12166). Utilized fresh, dried or salted, smoked, canned, and frozen; eaten pan-fried, broiled, and baked (Ref. 9988). Possibly to 475 m depth (Ref. 6793).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturité | Reproduction | Frai | Œufs | Fécondité | Larves

Oviparous (Ref. 265). A female turns to her side, deposits her eggs on the bottom and resumes an upright posture. This procedure is repeated until all eggs have been laid, which may take several days (Ref. 11548). As eggs are being deposited, males are releasing milt, fertilizing the eggs (Ref. 27547). There is no observable pairing of the sexes; the whole spawning area is white with milt (Ref. 11558).

Référence principale Upload your references | Références | Coordinateur | Collaborateurs

Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)

Statut dans la liste rouge de l'IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)

  Données manquantes (DD) ; Date assessed: 21 February 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Menace pour l'homme

  Harmless





Utilisations par l'homme

Pêcheries: hautement commercial; pêche sportive: oui; appât: usually
FAO - pêcheries: landings, Résumé espèce; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Sources Internet

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Genre, Espèce | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - pêcheries: landings, Résumé espèce; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | OceanAdapt | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Arbre de Vie | Wikipedia: aller à, chercher | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Réf. 123201): 0.2 - 9.7, mean 2.8 °C (based on 966 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Réf. 82804):  PD50 = 0.6250   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00603 (0.00485 - 0.00749), b=3.13 (3.07 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Niveau trophique (Réf. 69278):  3.2   ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 4.2 (2.3 - 5.9) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 13 growth studies.
Résilience (Réf. 120179):  Milieu, temps minimum de doublement de population : 1,4 à 4,4 années (Musick et al. 2000 (Ref. 36717)).
Prior r = 0.74, 95% CL = 0.49 - 1.11, Based on 4 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate to high vulnerability (49 of 100). 🛈
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Low vulnerability (22 of 100). 🛈
Catégorie de prix (Ref. 80766):   Low.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 113 [31, 265] mg/100g; Iron = 0.652 [0.379, 1.109] mg/100g; Protein = 18.4 [16.4, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 1 [1, 2] g/100g; Selenium = 16 [5, 49] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.1 [3.4, 67.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.18 [0.62, 2.02] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.