Trachurus trachurus, Atlantic horse mackerel : fisheries, gamefish, bait

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Trachurus trachurus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Atlantic horse mackerel
إضافة ملاحظاتك Fish Watcher
Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Trachurus trachurus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
ارفع صور و مقاطع فيديو
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Image of Trachurus trachurus (Atlantic horse mackerel)
Trachurus trachurus
صورة بواسطة JJPhoto


Netherlands country information

Common names: Horsmakreel, Marsbanker
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: common (usually seen) | Ref: Nijssen, H. and S.J. de Groot, 1974
Importance: highly commercial | Ref: FAO, 1994
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/nl.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Bauchot, M.-L., 1987
National Database:

Common names from other countries

التصنيف / Names الأسماء الشائعة | مرادفات | Catalog of Fishes(جنس, الانواع) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Carangiformes (Jacks) > Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos) > Caranginae
Etymology: Trachurus: Greek, trachys, -eia, -ys = rough + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / نطاق العمق / distribution range البيئة

بحري pelagic-neritic; محيطية (Ref. 51243); نطاق العمق 0 - 1050 m (Ref. 54256), usually 100 - 200 m (Ref. 54256). Subtropical; 67°N - 38°S, 26°W - 42°E

التوزيع دول | مناطق الفاو | النظام البيئي | الظهور | نقطة علي الخريطة | مقدمة | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic: from Madeira, the Straits of Gibraltar and Canary and Cape Verde Islands to South Africa; northward extending into the Mediterranean Sea and along the Atlantic coasts of Europe to Norway.

Length at first maturity / الحجم / وزن / العمر

النضج: Lm 22.9, range 21 - 30 cm
Max length : 70.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 3197); common length : 22.0 cm FL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 3397); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 2.0 kg (Ref. 27584)

وصف مختصر مفاتيح التعريف | الوصف الخارجي | قياسات المظهر الخارجي

الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 9; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 30 - 36; شوكة شرجية: 3; أشعه شرجية لينه: 24 - 32. Bluish green, grey or black above, silvery white below; opercle with black spot (Ref. 3197). Lateral scales tall and keeled. Gill cover with a distinct black spot. First dorsal fin tall (Ref. 35388).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.

أحياء     المصطلحات (على سبيل المثال epibenthic)

Adults form large schools in coastal areas with sandy substrate. They feed on fish, crustaceans, and cephalopods. Are batch spawners (Ref. 51846). Females lay 140,000 eggs, which hatch into 5mm long larvae (Ref. 35388). Eggs are pelagic (Ref. 4233). Utilized fresh, smoked, canned and frozen; can be fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9988). Divided into two stocks: West stock and North Sea stock. West stock spawns in a belt from the Biscay to Ireland in early spring, migrates north and eastwards to southern Norway and northern North Sea. North Sea stock spawns in the southern North Sea in summer, migrates to central North Sea, Skagerrak and Kattegat.

Life cycle and mating behavior النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae

المرجع الرئيسي Upload your references | مراجع | المنظم : Smith-Vaniz, William F. | المتعاونين

Smith-Vaniz, W.F., 1986. Carangidae. p. 815-844. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. vol. 2. (Ref. 4233)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)

  Vulnerable (VU) (A2bd); Date assessed: 09 May 2013

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

خطر للأنسان

  Harmless





استخدامات بشرية

مصائد: ذو قيمة تاجرية عالية; لعبة سمكه: نعم; طعم: usually

مزيد من المعلومات

علم البيئة الغذائية
Food items (preys)
التركيبة الغذائية
استهلاك الأغذية
Food rations
مفتريسات
البيئة
البيئة
Home ranges
Life cycle
التكاثر
النضج
Maturity/Gills rel.
الخصوبة
وضع البيض
Spawning aggregations
بيض
تطور البيضة
Larvae
حركة انتقال اليرقات
Physiology
Body composition
Nutrients
استهلاك الأوكسجين
نوع السباحة
سرعة السباحة
Visual pigments
Fish sound
Diseases & Parasites
Toxicity (LC50s)
جيني
الوراثة
جيني
Heterozygosity
التوريث
Human related
Aquaculture systems
ملامح تربية الأحياء المائية
سلالات
Ciguatera cases
Stamps, coins, misc.
مراجع
مراجع

أدوات

تقارير خاصة

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مصادر علي الأنترنت

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (مرجع 123201): 10.6 - 16.6, mean 13.3 °C (based on 165 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (مرجع 82804):  PD50 = 0.5001   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00813 (0.00745 - 0.00887), b=2.96 (2.94 - 2.98), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
مستوى غذائي (مرجع 69278):  3.7   ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 6.5 (5.1 - 7.6) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 25 growth studies.
المرونه (مرجع 120179):  وسيط, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 1.4-4.4 سنة (K=0.12-0.16; tm=2-4; tmax=11; Fec=70,000).
Prior r = 0.39, 95% CL = 0.26 - 0.58, Based on 13 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High vulnerability (56 of 100). 🛈
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Low vulnerability (25 of 100). 🛈
فئة السعر (Ref. 80766):   Medium.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 184 [129, 263] mg/100g; Iron = 3.67 [2.45, 5.60] mg/100g; Protein = 19.4 [18.8, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.355 [0.260, 0.479] g/100g; Selenium = 33.4 [24.6, 45.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 13.5 [4.0, 54.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.66 [1.34, 2.16] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.