Common names from other countries
分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
石首魚科 (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Argyrosomus: Greek, argyros = silvered, silver + Greek, soma = body (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / 深度上下限 / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 底中水層性; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 15 - 300 m (Ref. 2683). 亞熱帶的; 65°N - 6°S, 23°W - 36°E
Eastern Atlantic: Norway to Gibraltar and Congo, including the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. Migrated to the Red Sea via the Suez Canal.
東大西洋: 挪威到直布羅陀與剛果, 包括地中海與黑海。 經由蘇伊士運河迴游到紅海了。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ?, range 80 - ? cm
Max length : 230 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5377); common length : 150 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3593); 最大體重: 103.0 kg (Ref. 11036)
背棘 (總數) : 10 - 11; 背的軟條 (總數) : 27 - 29. Rough scales, Second dorsal fin (soft ray) twice as long as first, spiny rayed dorsal fin (Ref. 35388).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
鱗片粗糙的, 第二背鰭鰭 (軟的鰭條) 第一個兩倍長於, 刺狀的有鰭條的背鰭.(參考文獻 35388)
Adults are found inshore and shelf waters, close to bottom as well as in surface and mid-waters, pursuing shoals of clupeids and mugilids. They congregate inshore to spawn during spring and summer. Juveniles and sub-adults enter estuaries and coastal lagoons (Ref. 3593). Both adults and juveniles are migratory moving along shore or offshore-onshore in response to temperature change (Ref. 11025). Feed on fishes and swimming crustaceans.
沿海地區與大陸棚水域, 接近底部以及在表面與被追逐的中層水域中鯡魚與鯔科魚類的魚群。 聚集沿海地區到產卵在春天與夏天期間。 稚魚與亞成魚進入河口與岸邊潟湖。 (參考文獻 3593) 成魚和稚魚是迴游的移動沿著海岸或離陸-向陸回應溫度改變.(參考文獻 11025) 吃魚與游泳甲殼動物。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
東大西洋: 挪威到直布羅陀與剛果, 包括地中海與黑海。 經由蘇伊士運河迴游到紅海了。
Chao, L.N. and E. Trewavas, 1990. Sciaenidae. p. 813-826. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3593)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 19 February 2020
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (參考文獻
123201): 13.3 - 19.4, mean 15.3 °C (based on 169 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (參考文獻
82804): PD
50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00757 - 0.00914), b=3.07 (3.05 - 3.09), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (參考文獻
69278): 4.3 ±0.75 se; based on food items.
回復力 (參考文獻
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.09).
Prior r = 0.28, 95% CL = 0.19 - 0.42, Based on 3 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (79 of 100).
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Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 18.3 [6.5, 50.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.438 [0.149, 1.307] mg/100g; Protein = 19.4 [17.5, 21.4] %; Omega3 = 0.322 [0.172, 0.553] g/100g; Selenium = 34.1 [11.0, 127.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.8 [3.7, 39.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.471 [0.336, 0.696] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
