Common names from other countries
Environment: milieu / climate zone / intervalo de profundidade / distribution range
Ecologia
marinhas; estuarina demersal; não migratória; intervalo de profundidade 20 - 500 m (Ref. 4510), usually ? - 150 m (Ref. 27000). Subtropical; 60°N - 35°S, 26°W - 36°E
Eastern Atlantic: British Isles (rare) to Senegal including Madeira, the Canary Islands, and Cape Verde. Also throughout the Mediterranean except Black Sea. South African species thought to be the same as population in the northeast Atlantic (Ref. 4313).
Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturidade: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 4510); common length : 30.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 2683); peso máx. Publicado: 3.0 kg (Ref. 40637)
Descrição breve
Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria
Espinhos dorsais (total) : 12; Raios dorsais moles (total) : 9; Espinhos anais: 3; Raios anais moles: 5. Dark spot often on spinous dorsal (Ref. 4313).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
Solitary and sedentary over rocky, sandy or muddy bottoms. Feeds on fishes, crustaceans and mollusks (Ref.4570).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturidade | Reprodução | Desova | Ovos | Fecundidade | Larvas
Hureau, J.-C. and N.I. Litvinenko, 1986. Scorpaenidae. p. 1211-1229. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol 3. (Ref. 4570)
Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Utilização humana
Pescarias: espécies comerciais; Aquário: Aquários públicos
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
Descarregue XML
Fontes da internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 11.1 - 18, mean 14.4 °C (based on 189 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01318 (0.01134 - 0.01532), b=3.01 (2.97 - 3.05), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 4.3 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): Baixo, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 4,5 - 14 anos (K=0.08; tmax=25;).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (68 of 100).
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Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Low vulnerability (18 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 53 [28, 142] mg/100g; Iron = 0.883 [0.451, 1.747] mg/100g; Protein = 18.9 [17.4, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.655 [0.288, 1.774] g/100g; Selenium = 36.4 [15.7, 91.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 17.6 [5.5, 56.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.797 [0.547, 1.183] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.