Psettodes erumei, Indian halibut : fisheries

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Psettodes erumei (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)

Indian halibut
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Psettodes erumei   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Psettodes erumei (Indian halibut)
Psettodes erumei
Foto de Devarapalli, P.


Tanzania country information

Common names: Gala-gala, Gayo-gayo, Wayo
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: | Ref:
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/tz.html
National Fisheries Authority: http://www.isp.msu.edu/AFRICANSTUDIES/PLEA/TAFIRI.HTM
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Nielsen, J.G., 1984
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Classificação / Nomes Nomes comuns | Sinônimos | Catalog of Fishes(Gênero, Espécies) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Psettodidae (Psettodids)
Etymology: Psettodes: Greek, psetta = grouper + Greek, oides = similar to (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Bloch & Schneider.

Environment: milieu / Zona climática / intervalo de profundidade / distribution range Ecologia

marinhas demersal; intervalo de profundidade 1 - 100 m (Ref. 9792), usually 20 - 50 m (Ref. 9792). Tropical; 26°N - 21°S, 43°E - 156°E (Ref. 54739)

Distribuição Países | Áreas da FAO | Ecossistemas | Ocorrências | Mapa de pontos | Introduções | Faunafri

Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to Japan and Australia.

Comprimento de primeira maturação / Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Maturidade: Lm 38.0, range 37 - 39 cm
Max length : 64.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 6006); common length : 50.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 5450); peso máx. publicado: 9.0 kg (Ref. 1468)

Descrição suscinta Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria

Espinhos dorsais (total) : 9 - 11; Raios dorsais (total) : 38 - 45; Espinhos anais: 1; Raios anais : 33 - 43; Vértebras: 23 - 25. Body oval and flat, but thicker than in most other flatfishes. Mouth large with strong teeth; maxillary extends well beyond hind edge of lower eye; both eyes on left or right side; upper eye lying immediately below dorsal edge; gill rakers not developed. Dorsal fin origin well posterior to eyes; anterior fin rays spinous; lateral line almost straight. Color usually brown or grey, sometimes with 4 broad, dark crossbars. Dorsal, anal and caudal fin tips black. Blind side occasionally partially colored. (Other sources of morphological data: Refs. 591, 529, 4416, 5997 and 6000).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal; Cross section: flattened.

Biologia     Glossário (p.ex. epibenthic)

Found on sand and mud bottoms (Ref. 9796, 48637). Usually deeply burried in the substrate during the day, but out and hunting at night (Ref. 48637). Often swims in an upright position (Ref. 9796). Mainly piscivorous (Ref. 5986). Mainly sold fresh (Ref. 5213); also utilized smoked and frozen (Ref. 9987). Processed into fish flour (Ref. 6040).

Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento Maturidade | Reprodução | Desova | Ovos | Fecundidade | Larvas

Studies in Porto Novo, India (Refs. 5993 & 5997) show that the sex ratio significantly differ from 1:1, but the reports are ambiguous as to which sex predominates.

Referência principal Carregar suas referências | Referências | Coordenador : Amaoka, Kunio | Colaboradores

Nielsen, J.G., 1984. Psettodidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 3. (Ref. 3485)

Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)

  Dados insuficientes (DD) ; Date assessed: 15 August 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Ameaça para os humanos

  Harmless





Uso pelos humanos

Pescarias: espécies comerciais
FAO - pescarias: desembarques, perfil da espécie; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Mais informação

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Fontes da internet

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Checar Observador de Peixes (FishWatcher) | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Gênero, Espécies | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - pescarias: desembarques, perfil da espécie; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | Bases de dados nacionais | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | OsteoBase: skull, spine | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Árvore da vida | Wikipedia: Ir para, procura | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Registro zoológico

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 26.6 - 29.1, mean 28.2 °C (based on 1198 cells).
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.7500   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00676 (0.00510 - 0.00897), b=3.14 (3.06 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278):  4.4   ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Resiliência (Ref. 120179):  médio(a), tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (K=0.26-0.5; tm=3-4; Fec=300,000).
Prior r = 0.74, 95% CL = 0.49 - 1.11, Based on 3 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100). 🛈
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  High to very high vulnerability (68 of 100). 🛈
Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766):   High.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 122 [62, 249] mg/100g; Iron = 1.15 [0.54, 2.15] mg/100g; Protein = 18.4 [16.9, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.181 [0.080, 0.383] g/100g; Selenium = 68 [30, 151] μg/100g; VitaminA = 20.1 [6.2, 65.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.728 [0.470, 1.071] mg/100g (wet weight);