Common names from other countries
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; reef-associated; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); depth range 1 - ? m (Ref. 9988). Temperate; 45°N - 25°N
Western Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951) to Maine to northeastern Florida in USA and eastern Gulf of Mexico; reaches extreme southern Florida during cold winters.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm 19.1, range 11 - ? cm
Max length : 66.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 40637); common length : 30.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3708); max. published weight: 4.3 kg (Ref. 4699); max. reported age: 20 years (Ref. 34089)
Commonly found around rock jetties and on rocky bottoms in shallow water. Marketed fresh and eaten fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9988).
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2)
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes; aquarium: public aquariums
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