Please be patient while sound file is loaded. You may have to increase volume settings.
Click here to download the sound file.| Sound produced | yes, active sound production |
| Type of sound produced | thumps |
| Sound production organ | swim bladder with drumming muscles in males only & pharyngeal teeth in close proximity to swim bladder in both sexes (similar to Cynoscion regalis) |
| Sound mechanism | unspecified, but probably similar to Cynoscion regalis: males only: vibration of swim bladder by contraction of associated "drumming" muscles, high-pitched clucking in both sexes produced by stridulation of pharyngeal teeth amplified by swim bladder |
| Behavioural context | under duress (mild manual stimulation) |
| Reference | Fish, M.P. and W.H. Mowbray, 1970 |
| Remark |