| Main Ref. | Watson, R.E., 1991 |
| Appearance refers to | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| Specialized organs | |
| Different appearance | |
| Different colors | |
| Remarks | Jaw extending under pupil in females to beyond posterior edge of eye in males. |
| Striking features | |
| Body shape lateral | fusiform / normal |
| Cross section | circular |
| Dorsal head profile | clearly convex |
| Type of eyes | more or less normal |
| Type of mouth/snout | more or less normal |
| Position of mouth | terminal |
| Type of scales | cycloid scales |
| Diagnosis |
Spines of 1st dorsal fins in males usually filamentous, may reach seventh or eight ray of 2nd dorsal fin; scale count in lateral series 46-51, usually 48-50; scales in predorsal midline almost always naked; opercle may or may not be scaled; cheek almost always naked; breast always scales. |
| Ease of Identification |
| Lateral Lines | Interrupted: No |
| Scales on lateral line | |
| Pored lateral line scales | |
| Scales in lateral series | 46 - 51 |
| Scale rows above lateral line | |
| Scale rows below lateral line | |
| Scales around caudal peduncle | |
| Barbels | |
| Gill clefts (sharks/rays only) | |
| Gill rakers | |
| on lower limb | |
| on upper limb | |
| total | |
| Vertebrae | |
| preanal | |
| total |
| Attributes | |
| Fins number | 2 |
| Finlets No. | Dorsal |
| Ventral | |
| Spines total | 7 - 7 |
| Soft-rays total | 11 - 11 |
| Adipose fin |
| Attributes | more or less truncate; more or less normal |
| Fins number | |
| Spines total | 1 - 1 |
| Soft-rays total | 11 - 12 |
| Pectoral | Attributes more or less normal |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays 14 - 16 | |
| Pelvics | Attributes |
| Position thoracic before origin of D1 | |
| Spines | |
| Soft-rays |