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Family Heterodontidae - Bullhead, horn, or Port Jackson sharks | ||||
Order | : | Heterodontiformes |
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Class | : | Elasmobranchii | ||
No. in FishBase | : | Genera : 1 | Species : 10 Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes | ||
Environment | : | Fresh : No | Brackish : No | Marine : Yes | ||
Division | : | Marine | ||
Aquarium | : | none | ||
First Fossil Record | : | upper Jurassic | Ref. Berg, L.S. 1958 | |
Remark | : | Distribution: In warm-temperate and tropical continental waters of the western Indian Ocean and western and eastern Pacific; absent from the Atlantic and from oceanic insular waters. Two dorsal fins, each with a spine. Only living sharks with two spined dorsal fins and anal fin present. Five pairs of gill slits; eyes without nictitating fold; small spiracles present; nostrils connected with mouth by deep groove. Small species (max 165 cm) with small mouth; anterior teeth small and cuspidate, posterior enlarged and molariform; snout very short and bluntly rounded. Sluggish nocturnal bottom sharks, mainly in shallow waters. Benthos feeder. Oviparous, producing eggs in unique, large, spiral-flanged egg cases. | ||
Etymology | : | Greek, heteros = other + Greek, odous = teeth | ||
Reproductive guild | : | nonguarders | ||
Typical activity level | : | |||
Main Ref.![]() |
: | Compagno, L.J.V. 1984 | ||
Coordinator | : | |||
Deep Fin Classification
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Important recommendation:
The list below must not be used as an authority reference synonymy list like those found in scientific published revisions, which must be the source to be used and cited eventually when they exist.
Rather, it reflects the current content of FishBase, and the progress with respect to synchronization with the Catalog of Fishes. However, we think it can be useful for users to assess the quality of information in FishBase, to start new work on the family, or to cross-check with other lists.
But we appreciate to be cited in publications when this list has been of any working value. In particular, for published scientific, we suggest then to cite it in the Material and Method section as a useful tool to conduct the research, but again, not as a taxonomic or nomenclatural authority reference.
Unless it is explicitly precised, the list is not complete, please search all original names published for the family in the Catalog of Fishes (genera, species), including those with uncertain or unknown status, that are not included in FishBase when they are not attached to a valid species.
This list uses some data from Catalog of Fishes (not shown but used to sort names).
The list ordered as follows:
Please send comments and corrections if you detect errors or missing names.
Scientifc name | Status | Senior/Junior synonym | Combination |
---|---|---|---|
Heterodontus portusjacksoni (Meyer, 1793) | accepted | senior | new |
Squalus portusjacksoni Meyer, 1793 | synonym | senior | original |
! Heterodontus portjacksoni (Meyer, 1793) | synonym | senior | new |
Squalus jacksoni Suckow, 1799 | synonym | junior | original |
! Squalus jacksonii Suckow, 1799 | synonym | junior | original |
Squalus philippi Bloch & Schneider, 1801 | synonym | junior | original |
Heterodontus philippi (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) | synonym | junior | new |
Squalus philippinus Shaw, 1804 | synonym | junior | original |
Cestracion heterodontus Sherrard, 1896 | synonym | junior | original |
Heterodontus bonaespei Ogilby, 1908 | synonym | junior | original |
Heterodontus zebra (Gray, 1831) | accepted | senior | new |
! Centracion zebra Gray, 1831 | synonym | senior | original |
Cestracion phillippi var. zebra Gray, 1831 | synonym | senior | change in rank |
Cestracion zebra Gray, 1831 | synonym | senior | original |
Cestracion philippi japonicus Duméril, 1865 | ambiguous | questionable | original |
Cestracion amboinensis Regan, 1906 | synonym | junior | original |
Centracion philippi (non Bloch & Schneider, 1801) | misapplied | misapplied | new |
! Cestracion philippii (non Bloch & Schneider, 1801) | misapplied | misapplied | new |
! Heterodontus phillipi (non Bloch & Schneider, 1801) | misapplied | misapplied | original |
Heterodontus quoyi (Fréminville, 1840) | accepted | senior | new |
Cestracion quoyi Fréminville, 1840 | synonym | senior | original |
Cestracion pantherinus Valenciennes, 1846 | synonym | junior | original |
Gyropleurodus peruanus Evermann & Radcliffe, 1917 | synonym | junior | original |
Heterodontus francisci (Girard, 1855) | accepted | senior | new |
Cestracion francisci Girard, 1855 | synonym | senior | original |
! Heterodontis francisci (Girard, 1855) | synonym | senior | new |
! Heterodontis francisi (Girard, 1855) | synonym | senior | new |
Heterodontus californicus (non Herald, 1961) | misapplied | misapplied | misapplied |
Heterodontus galeatus (Günther, 1870) | accepted | senior | new |
Cestracion galeatus Günther, 1870 | synonym | senior | original |
Molochophrys galeatus (Günther, 1870) | synonym | senior | new |
! Heterodontis galeatus (Günther, 1870) | synonym | senior | new |
Heterodontus japonicus Miklouho-Maclay & Macleay, 1884 | accepted | senior | original |
Cestracion japonicus (Miklouho-Maclay & Macleay, 1884) | synonym | senior | new |
Cestracion philippi japonicus Duméril, 1865 | ambiguous | questionable | original |
Heterodontus ramalheira (Smith, 1949) | accepted | senior | new |
Gyropleurodus ramalheira Smith, 1949 | synonym | senior | original |
Heterodontus mexicanus Taylor & Castro-Aguirre, 1972 | accepted | senior | original |
Heterodontus omanensis Baldwin, 2005 | accepted | senior | original |
Heterodontus marshallae White, Mollen, O’Neill, Yang & Naylor, 2023 | accepted | senior | original |