分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 1 - 70 m (Ref. 58047), usually 2 - 35 m (Ref. 40849). 熱帶; 33°N - 35°S, 98°W - 19°E
Western Atlantic: Bermuda and southern Florida, USA to Brazil. Eastern Atlantic: Mauritania to Angola, including St. Paul's Rocks (Ref. 13121), Cape Verde, St. Helena and Ascension islands. One record from Cape of Good Hope, South Africa (Ref. 7320).
西大西洋: 百慕達群島與美國佛羅里達南部到巴西。 東大西洋: 茅利塔尼亞到安哥拉，包括聖保羅岩礁 (參考文獻 13121) ，維德角，聖赫勒拿島與阿森松島。 一個記錄來自南非好望角。 (參考文獻 7320)
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 35.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 26999); common length : 25.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3632)
背棘 (总数) : 3; 背的软条 (总数) : 23 - 25. Pale spots about the size of the pupil or smaller on body and some on dorsal fin (Ref. 13442).
灰白的斑点大小大约等于瞳孔或在身体上比较小的与在背鳍上一些.(参考文献 13442)
Maximum depth from Ref. 126840. A solitary species (Ref. 26340) inhabiting shallow water on bottoms with eroded limestone or mixed sand and rocks, as well as around reefs. Often found lying motionless against rocks (Ref. 13121). Secretes copious mucus which makes its surface slimy and when disturbed the slime turns into a soapy foam. The mucus has been shown to contain a toxic protein (Ref. 3632). Nocturnal, frequently seen around the bases of coral colonies and near mouths of caves (Ref. 26938).
一种独居性种 (参考文献 26340) 居住于在底部上的浅水区，有侵蚀石灰石或混合的沙子与岩石的地方, 以及礁的周围。 时常发现躺着不动依靠着岩石.(参考文献 13121) 隐秘制造它的表面黏滑的很多的黏液，而且黏液变成肥皂的泡沫当被惊扰时。 黏液已经被显示包含有毒的蛋白质。 (参考文献 3632) 夜行的, 时常珊瑚集群的基底的周围与在洞穴口的附近见到.(参考文献 26938)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
西大西洋: 百慕達群島與美國佛羅里達南部到巴西。 東大西洋: 茅利塔尼亞到安哥拉，包括聖保羅岩礁 (參考文獻 13121) ，維德角，聖赫勒拿島與阿森松島。 一個記錄來自南非好望角。 (參考文獻 7320)
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
人类利用
渔业: 自给性渔业; 水族馆: 商业性
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特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.4 - 28, mean 26.5 °C (based on 708 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5010 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01148 (0.00451 - 0.02922), b=3.06 (2.84 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (25 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 42.1 [24.7, 79.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.521 [0.280, 0.880] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [16.9, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.161 [0.109, 0.241] g/100g; Selenium = 31.1 [18.7, 55.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 112 [39, 351] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.07 [0.74, 1.50] mg/100g (wet weight);
