分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Tetraodontiformes (Puffers and filefishes)
魨形目 (Puffers and filefishes) >
Diodontidae (Porcupinefishes (burrfishes))
二齒魨科 (Porcupinefishes (burrfishes))
Etymology: Chilomycterus: Greek, cheilos = lip + Greek, mykter, -eros = nose (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 20 - 100 m (Ref. 9680). 亞熱帶的; - 24°S, 98°W - 34°W
Circumglobal: Gulf of Mexico, Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans.
遍及全球的熱帶海洋但是發生零碎的.(參考文獻 9680) 東大西洋: 葡萄牙到那米比亞, 包括馬得拉群島。 西大西洋: 百慕達群島，西印度群島。 西印度洋: 留尼旺島與模里西斯.(參考文獻 33390) 東印度洋: 印尼 (參考文獻 5978) 與澳洲西北部.(參考文獻 3132) 東太平洋: 夏威夷 (參考文獻 9680), 然後美國加州到智利.(參考文獻 11482)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 69.7 cm NG 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 89467); common length : 30.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 26999)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 12 - 14; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 11 - 14. Adults grey to brown with a black gular band and small black spots on upper surfaces and fins; pelagic juveniles blue with dark spots above, the spots descending to belly (Ref. 4423).
成魚灰色的在上表皮與鰭上褐色的有一條黑色的喉部條紋與小的黑色斑點; 大洋性稚魚藍色有深色的斑點上方, 下降到腹面的斑點.(參考文獻 4423)
Adults found in reefs and over soft bottoms to depths of 100 m, but may occur deeper in the tropics (Ref. 30573). Often found washed up on beaches. Known to brace themselves against the substrate to sleep at night (Ref. 4930). Appear to be active during the day. Juveniles often with floating weeds (Ref. 48637). Solitary. Juveniles pelagic in oceanic surface waters (Ref. 30573). Feed on hard-shelled invertebrates. Not usually marketed.
成魚發現於礁了，而且在軟質底部到深度之上100 公尺, 但是可能在熱帶中出現在較深處。 獨居性。 稚魚大洋性的，在海洋表面水域中.(參考文獻 30573) 吃具有硬殼的無脊椎動物。 不常在市場上銷售。
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
遍及全球的熱帶海洋但是發生零碎的.(參考文獻 9680) 東大西洋: 葡萄牙到那米比亞, 包括馬得拉群島。 西大西洋: 百慕達群島，西印度群島。 西印度洋: 留尼旺島與模里西斯.(參考文獻 33390) 東印度洋: 印尼 (參考文獻 5978) 與澳洲西北部.(參考文獻 3132) 東太平洋: 夏威夷 (參考文獻 9680), 然後美國加州到智利.(參考文獻 11482)
Leis, J.M., 2001. Diodontidae. Porcupine fishes (burrfishes). p. 3958-3965. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 6. Bony fishes part 4 (Labridae to Latimeriidae), estuarine crocodiles. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9680)
人類使用
漁業: 沒有興趣
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18.4 - 28.3, mean 27 °C (based on 959 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5313 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.04786 (0.01967 - 0.11644), b=2.82 (2.61 - 3.03), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.41 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 18 [7, 59] mg/100g; Iron = 0.558 [0.274, 1.366] mg/100g; Protein = 19.2 [17.0, 21.4] %; Omega3 = 0.166 [0.086, 0.318] g/100g; Selenium = 25.4 [10.8, 56.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 17.8 [4.5, 80.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.572 [0.367, 0.913] mg/100g (wet weight);
