Issue
No recent review of the genus, studies of types and consideration of type localities suggest that there is just the one species, Copeina guttata. Myers, 1956: 12, noted that "Steindachner’s figures are erroneously labeled and should be reversed", thus figs. 6 and 5a are correct for Copeina guttata, figs. 5 and 6a for Copella nattereri. Eschmeyer, 1998:694; Vari and Howe, 1991:36; Ortega and Vari, 1986:10.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Sinh thái học
; Nước ngọt Tầng nổi. Tropical; 23°C - 28°C (Ref. 1672)
South America: middle Amazon River basin.
Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 7.6 cm SL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 37104)
Feeds on worms, insects and small crustaceans (Ref. 7020).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Sự tái sinh sản | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Ấu trùng
In captivity at spawning time, after some vigorous driving and prodding of the female, male comes alongside and slightly below the female. Male then pushes an open pocket (formed using his anal fin) below the genital opening of the female; female releases eggs into the pocket and male fertilizes them and allows them to drop into a small pit in the sand that he has previously made. Male fans the eggs with his fins until hatching, in about 24 hours, and continues to guard the fry until they are free-swimming (Ref. 7020).
Weitzman, M. and S.H. Weitzman, 2003. Lebiasinidae (Pencil fishes). p. 241-251. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 37104)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Các nghề cá: Tính thương mại; Bể nuôi cá: Tính thương mại
Các công cụ
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00977 (0.00396 - 0.02410), b=3.19 (2.98 - 3.40), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Mức dinh dưỡng (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.33 se; based on food items.
Thích nghi nhanh (Ref.
120179): Trung bình, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là 1.4 - 4.4 năm (Fec = 100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
