Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
marien rifbewoner; standvastig; diepte 12 - 60 m (Ref. 9710). Temperate
Pacific Ocean: southern and central Japan (Ref. 4858) and the northwestern Hawaiian Islands (Midway and Kure).
Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 15.0 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 4858)
Korte beschrijving
Determinatiesleutels | Morfologie | Morfometrie
Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 14; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 16; Anale stekels: 3; Anale zachte stralen: 17.
Inhabits rocky and coral reefs (Ref. 9710). Oviparous (Ref. 240), monogamous (Ref. 52884).
Levenscyclus en paargedrag
Maturities | Voortplanting | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven
Length at sex-change = 12.7 cm TL (Ref. 55367). Sex reversal is completed in 20-39 days (Ref. 34252). Monandric species (Ref. 55367). Distinct pairing (Ref. 240). Monogamous mating is observed as both facultative and social (Ref. 52884). Also Ref. 103751.
Allen, G.R., 1985. Butterfly and angelfishes of the world. Vol. 2. 3rd edit. in English. Mergus Publishers, Melle, Germany. (Ref. 4858)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Gevaar voor de mens
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: commercieel; Aquarium: Commercieel
Tools
Speciale rapporten
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 20.2 - 25.4, mean 23 °C (based on 40 cells).
Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.03090 (0.01359 - 0.07026), b=2.89 (2.70 - 3.08), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisch niveau (Ref.
69278): 2.5 ±0.00 se; based on food items.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 26.7 [10.8, 50.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.228 [0.125, 0.434] mg/100g; Protein = 18.3 [17.0, 19.6] %; Omega3 = 0.291 [0.149, 0.581] g/100g; Selenium = 6.33 [2.74, 15.30] μg/100g; VitaminA = 57.5 [11.6, 290.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.813 [0.498, 1.378] mg/100g (wet weight);