Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marinhas demersal; intervalo de profundidade 45 - 400 m. Tropical; 32°N - 9°N, 98°W - 60°W
Western Atlantic: Bermuda and southeastern Florida, USA to Colombia.
Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 46.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 26340); common length : 30.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 5217)
Inhabits hard bottom.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reprodução | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvas
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435)
Ameaça para o homem
Venomous
Utilização humana
Pescarias: pouco comercial
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
Descarregue XML
Fontes da internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 16.7 - 25.4, mean 21.2 °C (based on 59 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01259 (0.00606 - 0.02615), b=3.03 (2.86 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): Baixo, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 4,5 - 14 anos (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100).