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Elasmobranchii (haaien en roggen) (sharks and rays) > Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) > Dasyatidae (Stingrays) > Urogymninae
Etymology: Urogymnus: Greek, oura = tail + Greek, gymnos = naked (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Macleay.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

marien; brak water rifbewoner; diepte 1 - 85 m (Ref. 9840). Tropical; 26°N - 28°S, 44°E - 163°E

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Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea to Oceania, distribution considered patchy but probably widespread.

Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 141 cm WD mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 58048)

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Has white spots and a white tail.

Found in mangrove areas, also over sand or sand and rubble in lagoons near reefs to depth of 85 m on the continental shelf (Ref. 9840). Feeds on small fishes, bottom dwelling crustaceans, and large infauna (Ref. 9840). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449), with histotrophy. Caught regularly, but in low numbers, by demersal tangle net and bottom trawl fisheries. Utilized for its meat, skin (high value) and cartilage (Ref.58048).

Levenscyclus en paargedrag Maturities | Voortplanting | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven

Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Fully developed young, size at birth 28 cm (Ref. 37816, Ref.58048).

Hoofdreferentie Upload your references | Referenties | Coördinator : McEachran, John | Medewerkers

Last, P.R. and J.D. Stevens, 1994. Sharks and rays of Australia. CSIRO, Australia. 513 p. (Ref. 6871)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)

Kwetsbaar, zie IUCN Rode Lijst (VU) (A2bd); Date assessed: 20 May 2015

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

Traumatogenic

Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: commercieel

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 25.5 - 28.8, mean 27.7 °C (based on 584 cells).

Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00366 - 0.01891), b=3.10 (2.90 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278): 4.1 ±0.64 se; based on food items.

Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179): laag, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 4,5-14 jaar (Assuming fecundity<100).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).

Prijsklasse (Ref. 80766): Low.

Urogymnus granulatus (Macleay, 1883)