分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Scaridae (Parrotfishes)
鸚哥魚科 (Parrotfishes) > Sparisomatinae
Etymology: Sparisoma: Latin, sparus = a fish with a golden head + Greek, soma = body (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 20 - 50 m (Ref. 27000). 亞熱帶的; 46°N - 12°N, 32°W - 36°E
Eastern Atlantic: Portugal, Azores and Madeira south to the Canary Islands and Senegal. Mediterranean Sea: more common in the eastern and southern coasts.
東大西洋: 葡萄牙, 亞速群島與馬得拉群島南至加納利群島與塞內加爾。 地中海: 較常見於東部。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 15.5 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 7360); common length : 30.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 6761)
In shallow water along rocky shores. Feed on algae and small invertebrates (Ref. 6761, 56146). Herbivore species with specialized pharyngeal bones and muscles (Ref. 52194, 52195). Breeding occurs from July to September, with juveniles recruiting in late summer in Portugal (Ref. 56146).
在淺水區中沿著岩岸。 吃藻類與小型無脊椎動物。 (參考文獻 6761) 草食動物種具有特殊化咽骨與肌肉。 (參考文獻 52194,52195)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Males matured at the same ages and sizes as did females, and size ranges of males and females overlapped, strongly suggesting gonochorism for this species (Ref. 103751).東大西洋: 葡萄牙, 亞速群島與馬得拉群島南至加納利群島與塞內加爾。 地中海: 較常見於東部。
Randall, J.E., 1990. Scaridae. p. 883-887. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 7360)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 15 September 2009
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 15.1 - 20.3, mean 17.1 °C (based on 34 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01047 (0.00833 - 0.01317), b=3.08 (3.03 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.9 ±0.27 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 3.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.16; tmax=8).
Prior r = 0.48, 95% CL = 0.32 - 0.72, Based on 2 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (36 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (58 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 21.7 [12.4, 49.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.569 [0.307, 0.968] mg/100g; Protein = 19.3 [17.2, 21.6] %; Omega3 = 0.172 [0.094, 0.286] g/100g; Selenium = 16.1 [7.9, 29.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 37.5 [13.3, 109.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.869 [0.585, 1.412] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
