Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά) βενθικό(ς). Tropical; 8°N - 3°S
Eastern Pacific: Puntarenas, Costa Rica to Gulf of Guayaquil, Peru.
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 16.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 55763); common length : 12.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 55763)
Short description
Κλείδες προσδιορισμού | Μορφολογία | Μορφομετρία
Body small and elongated; head wide and depressed; mouth broad; eyes dorsal; gill openings located at back of head; dorsal fin with 3 spines; pelvic fins sub-jugular; dorsal and anal fins free from caudal; anal fin with 28 to 30 rays; one lateral line; upper half head and body dark brown with white vermiculations and a white bar across the lateral line; ventral region whitish; dorsal fin black and spiny (Ref. 55763).
Occurs in shallow waters (Ref. 9277).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Αναπαραγωγή | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Προνύμφες
Collette, B.B., 1995. Batrachoididae. Peje-sapos, sapos. p. 910-918. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9277)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Εργαλεία
Special reports
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.3 - 28.2, mean 27.3 °C (based on 52 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00490 (0.00187 - 0.01281), b=3.15 (2.93 - 3.37), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
120179): Υψηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού < 15 μήνες (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).