分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / 深度上下限 / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 非遷移的; 深度上下限 0 - 200 m (Ref. 58496). 溫帶; 72°N - 35°N, 24°W - 33°E
Eastern Atlantic: Iceland, the Shetlands, from Murmansk southward to Portugal, also Baltic Sea northward to Gulf of Finland and northern Mediterranean coasts eastward to Gulf of Genoa.
東大西洋: 冰島，雪特蘭群島,從莫曼斯克向南至葡萄牙, 波羅的海也向北至芬蘭灣與北方的地中海的海岸向東至熱那亞灣。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 17.5 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3397); 25.0 cm SL (female); common length : 12.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3397)
Longest spine on the front gill cover reaches backwards to a point below the foremost part of the dorsal fin. Gill membranes joined to the throat, no bony knobs above or under the rough lateral line (Ref. 35388).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.
在前鰓蓋上的長的棘在最初的部分背鰭之下向後到點。 鰓膜連到了咽喉, 沒有骨質癤瘤上方或在粗糙的側線下面.(參考文獻 35388)
Facultative air-breathing (Ref. 126274); A resident intertidal species with homing behavior (Ref. 32612). Inhabits tide pools and inshore waters on rocky bottoms or among algae at 0-30 m. Can leave tide pools when conditions become inhospitable (Ref. 31184). Feeds on mysids, amphipods (gammarids), decapods, polychaetes, mollusks, ophiuroids and fishes. Breathes air when out of water (Ref. 31184). Information on maximum length for male taken from Ref. 4698.
一個定居的潮間帶的種有歸巢的行為。 (參考文獻 32612) 在岩石底部上棲息於潮池與近岸水域或在 0-30 公尺在藻類之中。 當環境變成不適居留的時候，能離開潮池。 (參考文獻 31184) 吃糠蝦，片腳類動物 (夜蛾) ，十足類動物，多毛類動物，軟體動物，陽燧足與魚。 呼吸空氣當離開水面.(參考文獻 31184) 給雄魚的關於最大的長度資訊取自了參考文獻 4698.
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
東大西洋: 冰島，雪特蘭群島,從莫曼斯克向南至葡萄牙, 波羅的海也向北至芬蘭灣與北方的地中海的海岸向東至熱那亞灣。
Fedorov, V.V., 1986. Cottidae. p. 1243-1260. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 3. (Ref. 4698)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 17 October 2013
人類使用
漁業: 沒有興趣; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (參考文獻
123201): 7 - 11.9, mean 9.5 °C (based on 421 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (參考文獻
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00794 (0.00386 - 0.01635), b=3.12 (2.95 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (參考文獻
69278): 3.6 ±0.52 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 5.3 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回復力 (參考文獻
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.21-.025).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
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Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 75.1 [30.9, 174.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.399 [0.190, 0.842] mg/100g; Protein = 18.1 [15.9, 20.1] %; Omega3 = 1.18 [0.50, 3.33] g/100g; Selenium = 11.2 [5.3, 26.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 26.9 [9.5, 74.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.854 [0.567, 1.511] mg/100g (wet weight);
