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Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) >
Cynoglossidae (Tonguefishes) > Symphurinae
Etymology: Symphurus: Greek, syn, symphysis = grown together + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Jordan & Bollman.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري مرتبطة بالشعاب; نطاق العمق 1 - 200 m (Ref. 37955), usually 1 - 80 m (Ref. 9294). Tropical; 33°N - 8°S, 158°W - 7°W (Ref. 56829)
Eastern Pacific: Gulf of California and Bahía Magdalena, Mexico to Peru, including the Galapagos Islands (Ref. 9294).
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 14.4 cm SL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 9294); common length : 12.0 cm SL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 9294)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 0; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 89 - 98; شوكة شرجية: 0; أشعه شرجية لينه: 75 - 82; فقرات: 49 - 53.
Found over a variety of substrates (Ref. 9294). Small specimens may be taken from tide pools and other shallow habitats (Ref. 9294). Feeds mainly on small benthic invertebrates (Ref. 28023).
Life cycle and mating behavior
النضج | التكاثر | وضع البيض | بيض | الخصوبة | Larvae
Munroe, T.A., F. Krupp and M. Schneider, 1995. Cynoglossidae. Lenguas, lenguetas. p. 1039-1059. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9294)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: غير مهمة تجارياً
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 17 - 28.9, mean 24.5 °C (based on 216 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01072 (0.00507 - 0.02267), b=3.11 (2.92 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): عالي, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع أقل من 15 شهر (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 95.9 [36.6, 184.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.689 [0.311, 1.229] mg/100g; Protein = 18.3 [16.1, 20.7] %; Omega3 = 0.104 [0.052, 0.209] g/100g; Selenium = 40.2 [19.7, 82.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 68.5 [17.3, 289.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.25 [0.81, 1.84] mg/100g (wet weight);
