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> Zeiformes (Dories) > Zeidae (Dories)
Etymology: More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologia

marinhas; estuarina bentopelágico; oceanódromo (Ref. 35388); intervalo de profundidade 5 - 400 m (Ref. 9563), usually 50 - 150 m (Ref. 4968). Temperate; 75°N - 49°S, 17°W - 177°E (Ref. 54935)

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Worldwide in distribution. Eastern Atlantic: Norway to South Africa, also the Mediterranean and Black Sea. Western Pacific: Japan, Korea, Australia and New Zealand. Also known from the Indian Ocean.

Comprimento de primeira maturação / Tamanho / Peso / Idade

Maturity: L_m 35.1, range 29 - 35 cm
Max length : 90.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 6953); common length : 40.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 6953); peso máx. publicado: 8.0 kg (Ref. 35388); idade máx. registrada: 12 anos (Ref. 5377)

Descrição suscinta Chaves de identificação | Morfologia | Morfometria

Espinhos dorsais (total) : 9 - 11; Raios dorsais (total) : 22 - 24; Espinhos anais: 4; Raios anais : 20 - 23. Gill rakers rudimentary. Minute scales present. Highly compressed body (Ref. 4253). Large dark spot, surrounded by a light ring on each side of the body (Ref. 35388).

Found in areas close to the sea bed (Ref. 6390). Generally solitary. Feeds mainly on schooling bony fishes, occasionally on cephalopods and crustaceans (Ref. 27121). Reproduction takes place at the end of winter and at the start of spring in the northeastern Atlantic, earlier in the Mediterranean. Eggs are pelagic, maturity reached at 4 years (Ref. 36731). Sold fresh (Ref. 9563) and frozen (Ref. 9988). Can be steamed, fried, broiled, boiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988). The flesh is excellent but is utilized little in West Africa (Ref. 5377).

Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento Maturities | Reprodução | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvas

No studies of their reproductive development or early life history have been undertaken in Australia (Ref. 6390). Pelagic eggs (Ref. 35388).

Referência principal Upload your references | Referências | Coordenador : Heemstra, Phillip C. | Colaboradores

Karrer, C. and A. Post, 1990. Zeidae. p. 631-633. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 6953)

Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435)

Dados insuficientes (DD) ; Date assessed: 20 May 2013

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Ameaça para os humanos

Harmless

Uso pelos humanos

Pescarias: espécies comerciais; peixe esportivo: sim; Aquário: Aquários públicos

FAO - pescarias: desembarques, perfil da espécie; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 6.7 - 23.7, mean 13.6 °C (based on 1223 cells).

Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.7656 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01660 (0.01364 - 0.02020), b=2.91 (2.85 - 2.97), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Nível Trófico (Ref. 69278): 4.5 ±0.8 se; based on diet studies.

Resiliência (Ref. 120179): médio(a), tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 1,4 - 4,4 anos (K=0.15; tm=3-4; tmax=12).

Prior r = 0.74, 95% CL = 0.49 - 1.10, Based on 1 full stock assessment.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).

Categoria de preço (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 14.1 [8.1, 27.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.246 [0.139, 0.432] mg/100g; Protein = 19.2 [16.0, 21.6] %; Omega3 = 0.65 [0.34, 1.23] g/100g; Selenium = 21 [10, 42] μg/100g; VitaminA = 16.8 [4.4, 66.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.368 [0.254, 0.546] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.

Zeus faber Linnaeus, 1758