分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes)
鰈形目 (Flatfishes) >
Paralichthyidae (Large-tooth flounders)
牙鮃科 (Large-tooth flounders)
Etymology: Paralichthys: Greek, para = the side of + Greek, ichthys = fish + Greek, suffix, oides = similar to (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Gilbert & Scofield.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 深度上下限 ? - 44 m (Ref. 9330). 亞熱帶的; 32°N - 24°N
Eastern Central Pacific: Baja California, Mexico and the Gulf of California.
中太平洋東部: 墨西哥的下加利福尼亞與加州灣。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 58.3 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 42865); common length : 45.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9330)
Inhabits soft bottoms, from estuaries and up to a depth of 44 m (Ref. 9330). Utilized fresh (Ref. 9330).
棲息於軟質底部, 從河口並且向上到深度 44 公尺.(參考文獻 9330) 生鮮使用.(參考文獻 9330)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).中太平洋東部: 墨西哥的下加利福尼亞與加州灣。
Hensley, D.A., 1995. Paralichthyidae. Lenguados. p. 1349-1380. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9330)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18.2 - 23.1, mean 21.2 °C (based on 22 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00646 (0.00290 - 0.01435), b=3.17 (2.99 - 3.35), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.3 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).
