分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水; 非產卵性溯降河的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 50 m (Ref. 188). 熱帶; 29°N - 8°S, 72°E - 124°E (Ref. 188)
Indo-Pacific: Indian Ocean (Malabar coast to Calcutta), Java Sea (off Java), Arafura Sea (Ref. 9819), South China Sea (Singapore, Gulf of Thailand), East China Sea (north to Taiwan Island).
印度-太平洋: 印度洋 (Malabar 岸邊到加爾各答) ，爪哇海 (外海的爪哇) ，阿拉弗拉海 (參考文獻 9819) ，南中國海 (新加坡 , 泰國灣) ，東中國海.(北至台灣島)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 22.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 108866)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 35 - 48. Belly with usually 17 to 21 + 8 or 9, total 25 to 30 scutes. Eye large, lower jaw projecting. Dorsal fin origin a little before midpoint of body; anal fin origin under hind part of dorsal fin base. Vertical striae on scales traversing whole scale or overlapping across center of scale. Swim bladder with two tubes passing back in the muscles on either side of haemal spines.
通常腹面有 17 到 21+8 或者 9, 總計 25 到 30個鱗甲。 眼大的, 下頜突出的。 背鰭起點稍微在身體中央之前; 在背鰭基底的後部部份下面的臀鰭起源。 在穿越整個的鱗片的鱗片上的垂直的陷紋或部分重疊的越過鱗片中央。 在脈棘的任一側邊上的肌肉中泳鰾有二個管通過背面。
Occurs in coastal waters but enters estuaries and presumably able to tolerate lowered salinities. Feeds on plankton (probably small crustaceans, etc.).
出現於沿岸水域但是進入河口而且可能能容忍低鹽度。 吃浮游生物。 (可能小型甲殼動物, 等等。)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
印度-太平洋: 印度洋 (Malabar 岸邊到加爾各答) ，爪哇海 (外海的爪哇) ，阿拉弗拉海 (參考文獻 9819) ，南中國海 (新加坡 , 泰國灣) ，東中國海.(北至台灣島)
Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/1):1-303. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 188)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 28 February 2017
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25 - 29.2, mean 28.6 °C (based on 752 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00525 - 0.01379), b=3.05 (2.91 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.47 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (17 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 183 [103, 368] mg/100g; Iron = 1.53 [0.91, 2.45] mg/100g; Protein = 19.3 [17.9, 20.7] %; Omega3 = 0.422 [0.221, 0.802] g/100g; Selenium = 36.8 [19.1, 76.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 23.3 [9.0, 55.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.75 [1.27, 2.40] mg/100g (wet weight);
