分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Carangiformes (Jacks)
鱸形目 (Jacks) >
Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos)
鰺科 (Jacks and pompanos) > Caranginae
Etymology: Caranx: French, carangue, the name of a Caribbean fish; 1836 (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Forsskål.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 10 - 188 m (Ref. 58302). 熱帶; 26°C - 29°C; 35°N - 37°S, 19°E - 129°W
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and east coast of Africa to the Hawaiian and Marquesan islands, north to southern Japan (Ref. 559) and the Ogasawara Islands, south to northern Australia. Hybrid with Caranx melampygus found in Hawaii (Ref. 58422).
印度-太平洋: 紅海與非洲東岸到夏威夷與馬貴斯群島, 北至日本南部 (參考文獻 559) 與小笠原群島, 南至澳洲北部。 以被發現於夏威夷的 藍鰭鰺〔Caranx melampygus〕 雜交。 (參考文獻 58422)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 60.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 170 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9710); common length : 100.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5213); 最大體重: 80.0 kg (Ref. 4795)
背棘 (總數) : 9; 背的軟條 (總數) : 18 - 21; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 15 - 17; 脊椎骨: 24. This species is distinguished by the following characters: gill rakers (including rudiments) 5-7 + 15-17 = 20-24; breast naked ventrally, typically with a small to large patch of prepelvic scales; colour in life of adults, head and body silvery grey to black above, usually paler below; fins usually uniformly grey to black, fish from turbid coastal waters often with yellow fins, the anal fin usually brightest (Ref. 9894).
頭部與身體背面暗金色的, 腹面銀色的; 鰭通常有顏色灰色的到黑色的。 鰓蓋斑點不存在。 26-38個強的鱗甲。 胸部腹地沒有鱗片; 一個腹鰭前鱗片的小塊。 胸鰭鐮刀狀的; 臀鰭有 2根分離的棘。
Adults are pelagic over sand and rock (Ref. 58302). They occur singly and inhabit clear lagoon and seaward reefs (Ref. 9710). They feed on crustaceans (like crabs and spiny lobsters) and fishes at night (Ref. 4887). Juveniles are found in estuaries. Large individuals may be ciguatoxic. The largest trevally reaches 1.7 m in length and a weight of over 60 kg (Ref. 48635). Spawning occurs on shallow seaward reefs and offshore banks (Ref. 37816). Sold mostly fresh and dried salted.
成魚各別地出現而且居住於清澈的潟湖與臨海礁石。 (參考文獻 9710) 稚魚發現於河口了。 捕食甲殼動物 (如螃蟹與棘龍蝦) 與魚在晚上。 (參考文獻 4887) 大的個體可能具有熱帶海魚毒。 它是被達到 1.7 的最大的鰺科魚類公尺長與超過 60 公斤的重量.(參考文獻 48635) 產卵於臨海礁石淺水處與近海淺堆。 (參考文獻 37816) 大部份生鮮地販賣與乾燥鹽醃。
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
印度-太平洋: 紅海與非洲東岸到夏威夷與馬貴斯群島, 北至日本南部 (參考文獻 559) 與小笠原群島, 南至澳洲北部。 以被發現於夏威夷的 藍鰭鰺〔Caranx melampygus〕 雜交。 (參考文獻 58422)
Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 養殖: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 21.2 - 28.4, mean 26.8 °C (based on 1154 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01862 (0.01559 - 0.02224), b=2.95 (2.92 - 2.98), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 13.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.08-0.11; tm=3.5).
Prior r = 0.56, 95% CL = 0.37 - 0.83, Based on 2 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (74 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (72 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 10.8 [4.6, 21.4] mg/100g; Iron = 0.288 [0.152, 0.572] mg/100g; Protein = 20.1 [17.8, 22.6] %; Omega3 = 0.122 [0.069, 0.211] g/100g; Selenium = 62.5 [30.3, 131.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 56.9 [15.4, 194.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.476 [0.338, 0.698] mg/100g (wet weight);
