Teleostei >
Syngnathiformes (Pipefishes and seahorses)
海龍目 (Pipefishes and seahorses) >
Syngnathidae (Pipefishes and seahorses)
海龍科 (Pipefishes and seahorses) > Nerophinae
Etymology: Microphis: Greek, mikros = small + greek, ophis = serpent (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bleeker.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 溯河洄游 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 5 m (Ref. 86942). 熱帶; 35°N - 32°S
Asia and Oceania: Sri Lanka, southern India, Nicobar Islands and eastward to Japan and the Society Islands. Records from Puerto Rico and USA need confirmation. Africa: east coast from Kenya south to KwaZulu-Natal area, also Madagascar and Mauritius (Ref. 7248, 52193). Africa: Côte d'Ivoire (Ref. 272). Western Atlantic: Atlantic coast of Florida, Bahamas, northern and southern Gulf of Mexico, Antilles, central and south American coasts to Brazil (Ref. 26938).
亞洲與大洋洲: 斯里蘭卡，印度南部, 尼古巴群島與向東至日本與社會群島從波多黎各與美國需要證實記錄。 非洲: 來自肯亞的東海岸南至納塔爾區域。 也馬達加斯加與模里西斯.(參考文獻 7248) 非洲: 象牙海岸.(參考文獻 272) 西大西洋: 佛羅里達，巴哈馬，北部與墨西哥灣南部，安地列斯群島的大西洋海岸, 中央的與美國岸邊到巴西南部.(參考文獻 26938)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ?, range 12 - ? cm
Max length : 22.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5316)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 背的軟條 (總數) : 37 - 54; 臀棘: 0; 臀鰭軟條: 4.
Occurs in relatively shallow (25-150 cm), still to slow-flowing water (Ref. 6028). Inhabits freshwater streams, rivers and estuaries. Juveniles and subadults are usually found in estuaries while adults are found upstream in freshwater areas. Feeds on worms, crustaceans and zooplankton. Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205). The male carries the eggs in a brood pouch which is found under the tail (Ref. 205). Not seen in markets (Ref. 12693)
出現於相當淺的 (25-150 公分), 然而對緩慢流動的水.(參考文獻 6028) 棲息於淡水溪流，河與河口。 稚魚與亞成魚通常被發現於河口雖然成魚在淡水水域中向上游被發現。 吃蠕蟲，甲殼動物與浮游動物。 卵胎生的.(參考文獻 205) 雄魚帶卵在一個孵卵袋是在尾部下面發現.(參考文獻 205) 不在市場中見到 (參考文獻 12693)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
Female deposits eggs on the ventral surface of the male trunk's or tail , where they are incubated for several weeks. Males may be brooding at 12 cm SL (Ref. 5316).亞洲與大洋洲: 斯里蘭卡，印度南部, 尼古巴群島與向東至日本與社會群島從波多黎各與美國需要證實記錄。 非洲: 來自肯亞的東海岸南至納塔爾區域。 也馬達加斯加與模里西斯.(參考文獻 7248) 非洲: 象牙海岸.(參考文獻 272) 西大西洋: 佛羅里達，巴哈馬，北部與墨西哥灣南部，安地列斯群島的大西洋海岸, 中央的與美國岸邊到巴西南部.(參考文獻 26938)
Dawson, C.E., 1985. Indo-Pacific pipefishes (Red Sea to the Americas). The Gulf Coast Research Laboratory Ocean Springs, Mississippi, USA. (Ref. 5316)
人類使用
漁業: 沒有興趣; 水族館: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.4 - 29.2, mean 28.1 °C (based on 3402 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00085 (0.00032 - 0.00224), b=3.04 (2.81 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.41 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (17 of 100).
