分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Perciformes/Percoidei (Perchs)
鱸形目 (Perchs) >
Percidae (Perches)
鱸科 (Perches) > Etheostomatinae
Etymology: Etheostoma: Greek, etheo = to strain + Greek, stoma = mouth; Rafinesque said "various mouths", but Jordan and Evermann suggest the name might have been intended as "Heterostoma (Ref. 45335); blennioides: blennioides meaning blenny-like (Ref. 10294).
More on author: Rafinesque.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 底中水層性. 溫帶; 4°C - 18°C (Ref. 2059); 43°N - 34°N
North America: Great Lakes and Mississippi River basins from New York and Maryland to eastern Kansas and Oklahoma in the USA, and from Ontario in Canada south to Georgia, Alabama and Arkansas in the USA; and Atlantic Slope in Mohawk, Susquehanna and Potomac drainages in New York and Virginia, USA.
北美洲: 對在美國的堪薩斯州東部與俄克拉荷馬州 , 與從加拿大安大略省的五大湖與密西西比河流域從紐約與馬里蘭在美國南至喬治亞州，阿拉巴馬州與阿肯色州; 而且在摩霍克族，撒斯寬赫那與接臨美國首都 Washington 市的河名流域在紐約與美國維吉尼亞的大西洋斜坡。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 17.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5723); common length : 5.5 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 12193); 最大年齡: 5 年 (Ref. 12193)
Inhabit rocky riffles of creeks and small to medium rivers, and shores of large lakes (Ref. 5723, 10294). Juveniles feed on midge larvae and microcrustaceans; adults consume midge larvae, blackfly larvae, and other immature aquatic insects, primarily mayflies and caddisflies (Ref. 10294). Distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 36980). Eggs are found attached to the substrate unguarded (Ref. 7043).
棲息於小溪及小型到中型河川的岩石的急流 , 與大湖的海岸。 (參考文獻 5723,10294) 稚魚吃蚊仔魚與 microcrustacea; 成魚消費蚊仔魚，黑蠅幼生, 與其他的水生昆蟲的不成熟的, 主要地孚游類與 caddisflies.(參考文獻 10294)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
Distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 36980). Eggs are found attached to the substrate abandoned (Ref. 7043).北美洲: 對在美國的堪薩斯州東部與俄克拉荷馬州 , 與從加拿大安大略省的五大湖與密西西比河流域從紐約與馬里蘭在美國南至喬治亞州，阿拉巴馬州與阿肯色州; 而且在摩霍克族，撒斯寬赫那與接臨美國首都 Washington 市的河名流域在紐約與美國維吉尼亞的大西洋斜坡。
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 06 December 2011
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00537 (0.00235 - 0.01227), b=3.14 (2.94 - 3.34), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.45 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tmax=5; Fec=404-1,832).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
