Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Moronidae (Temperate basses)
Etymology: saxatilis: saxatilis=living among rocks (Ref. 79012).
More on author: Walbaum.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 淡水; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; 溯河洄游 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 30 - ? m (Ref. 2850). 溫帶; 8°C - 25°C (Ref. 47172); 49°N - 27°N, 94°W - 59°W (Ref. 86798)
Western Atlantic: St. Lawrence River in Quebec, Canada to Lake Pontchartrain in Louisiana; south in Florida, USA to St. Johns and Suwannee river drainages.
西大西洋: 在佛羅里達北部與墨西哥灣北部的加拿大到聖約翰河的聖勞倫斯河; 從在美國的佛羅里達至路易斯安那西部的淡水與半鹹淡支流。 引進了其他的國家。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 200 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 86798); common length : 120 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9988); 最大体重: 57.0 kg (Ref. 2850); 最大年龄: 30 年 (Ref. 1468)
背棘 (总数): 9 - 11; 背的软条 (总数): 10-13; 臀棘 3; 臀鳍软条: 7 - 13
Inhabit coastal waters and are commonly found in bays but may enter rivers in the spring to spawn (Ref. 2850). Some populations are landlocked (Ref. 7251). Voracious and opportunistic feeder (Ref. 5951). Larvae feed on zooplankton; juveniles take in small shrimps and other crustaceans, annelid worms, and insects (Ref. 1998, 10294); adults feed on a wide variety of fishes (alewives, herring, smelt, eels, flounders, mummichogs, rock gunnels, sand lance, silver hake and silversides (Ref. 5951)) and invertebrates (squid, crabs, sea worms and amphipods (Ref. 5951)), mainly crustaceans (Ref. 1998). Feeding ceases shortly before spawning (Ref. 1998). Utilized fresh and eaten broiled and baked (Ref. 9988).
栖息于沿岸水域与是普遍发现于海湾但是可能在春天进入河产卵.(参考文献 2850) 一些族群是陆封的。 (参考文献 7251) 仔鱼吃浮游动物; 稚鱼吃小的虾与其他的甲壳动物，环节动物蠕虫与昆虫; 成鱼吃各式各样的鱼与无脊椎动物, 主要地甲壳动物.(参考文献 1998) 在产卵前不久进食停止。 (参考文献 1998) 生鲜使用而且吃火烤与烧烤的.(参考文献 9988)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Move into fresh or brackish water to spawn (Ref. 39467). Females spawn more than once in a season, but they don't necessarily spawn every year (Ref. 1998).西大西洋: 在佛羅里達北部與墨西哥灣北部的加拿大到聖約翰河的聖勞倫斯河; 從在美國的佛羅里達至路易斯安那西部的淡水與半鹹淡支流。 引進了其他的國家。
Heemstra, P.C., 1995. Moronidae. Lubinas. p. 1289-1292. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9320)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 养殖: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 1 - 23.5, mean 9.3 °C (based on 22 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5781 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00933 (0.00745 - 0.01169), b=3.06 (2.99 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.7 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.12; tm=5-7; tmax=30; Fec=14,000).
Prior r = 0.28, 95% CL = 0.18 - 0.43, Based on 1 stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (61 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High vulnerability (61 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 14.4 [7.1, 30.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.291 [0.146, 0.542] mg/100g; Protein = 19.4 [18.5, 20.4] %; Omega3 = 0.583 [0.331, 1.065] g/100g; Selenium = 16.5 [7.6, 34.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.61 [2.38, 30.88] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.307 [0.217, 0.451] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
