分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Carangaria/misc (Various families in series Carangaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Carangaria) >
Sphyraenidae (Barracudas)
金梭魚科 (Barracudas)
Etymology: Sphyraena: Greek, sphyraina, -es = the name of a fish (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Girard.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 18 m (Ref. 2850). 溫帶; 58°N - 24°N, 155°W - 111°W
Eastern Pacific: Alaska to Magdalena Bay, Baja California. Not common north of Point Conception (Ref. 11484).
東太平洋: 科迪亞克熊島, 阿拉斯加到墨西哥的下加利福尼亞南部; 美國加州的 Point Conception 稀有北方。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 145 cm FL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 40637); 最大體重: 12.0 kg (Ref. 40637); 最大年齡: 12 年 (Ref. 56049)
背棘 (總數) : 6; 背的軟條 (總數) : 9 - 10; 臀棘: 1; 臀鰭軟條: 8 - 9. Color bluish or brownish dorsally, silvery ventrally (Ref. 6885).
藍色或褐色的背面, 銀色的腹地.(參考文獻 6885)
Usually near shore or near the surface (Ref. 2850). Often in small schools (Ref. 2850). Young enter bays (Ref. 2850). Feed mainly on other fishes (Ref. 2850). Pelagic spawners (Ref. 56049). Migrate south from the California coast during autumn, but may remain in front of the Mexican coast throughout the year (Ref. 9345). Utilized fresh, dried or salted and frozen; eaten broiled and baked (Ref. 9988). Considered as potentially dangerous due to its large, sharp teeth and aggressive disposition, though there are no reports of attacks (Ref. 9988).
通常近岸或接近水表面.(參考文獻 2850) 常見於小群魚群。 (參考文獻 2850) 幼魚進入海灣。 (參考文獻 2850) 主要吃其他的魚。 (參考文獻 2850) 在秋天期間迴游從加州海岸南方部, 但是可能逗留在墨西哥海岸的前面全年度.(參考文獻 9345) 生鮮使用, 乾燥或鹽醃與冷凍; 吃火烤與燒烤的.(參考文獻 9988) 被當作可能危險由於它的大又銳利齒與侵略性性情, 雖然有沒有攻擊的報告.(參考文獻 9988)
Pelagic spawner (Ref. 56049).東太平洋: 科迪亞克熊島, 阿拉斯加到墨西哥的下加利福尼亞南部; 美國加州的 Point Conception 稀有北方。
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 8.9 - 23.1, mean 12.4 °C (based on 212 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00724 (0.00339 - 0.01546), b=2.92 (2.74 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.80 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 7.9 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.14; tm=2-3; tmax=12; Fec=42,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (69 of 100).
