Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري القاع; نطاق العمق 0 - 825 m (Ref. 6793), usually 35 - 380 m (Ref. 50550). Polar
Arctic, Northwest to Northeast Pacific: East Siberian Sea to eastern Kamchatka and the Commander Islands, Russian and Washington, USA (Ref. 6793); including Hokkaido, Japan (Ref. 37422) and the Sea of Okhotsk (Ref. 48889).
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 38.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 48889); common length : 30.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 31682); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 370.00 g (Ref. 31682); العمر: 9 سنين (Ref. 31682)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 0; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 47; شوكة شرجية: 0; أشعه شرجية لينه: 32 - 34. Caudal fin narrow, gently rounded (Ref. 6885). Brown on the dorsal surface with dark markings, lighter ventrally with yellow to orange streaks; yellow on head in some areas and yellow mottling on fins; black blotch on anterior part of dorsal fin for first 3 to 5 rays, conspicuous; pelvic fins dusky and some dark marks on other fins; eyes reputed to be blue (Ref. 6885).
Adults are found offshore on soft bottoms (Ref. 2850); and deeper (to 300 m) than other ronquils (Ref. 48889). Reaches more than 38 cm (Ref. 48889).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | التكاثر | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 0.4 - 6.8, mean 2.9 °C (based on 881 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5703 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00389 (0.00180 - 0.00842), b=3.12 (2.94 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 3.3 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): منخفض, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 4.5-14 سنة (tmax=9).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).
